Question

Составить изомеры C8H18 октан

Answer 1

1. СН3-СН2-СН2-СН2-СН2-СН2-СН2-СН3
2. СН3-СН2-СН2-СН2-СН2-СН-СН3
                                         |
                                       СН3

3. СН3-СН2-СН2-СН2-СН-СН2-СН3
                                  |
                                СН3

4. СН3-СН2-СН2-СН-СН2-СН2-СН3
                           |
                         СН3

5. СН3-СН2-СН2-СН-СН-СН3
                           |      |
                        СН3   СН3

6. СН3-СН2-СН-СН2-СН-СН3
                   |             |
                 CH3        CH3

7. CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH-CH3
             |                   |
           CH3             CH3

                                 CH3
                                   |
8. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2 - C- CH3
                                   |
                                 CH3

9. CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH2-CH3
                    |     |
                 CH3  CH3

                            CH3
                              |
10. CH3-CH2-CH2 - C - CH2-CH3 
                             |
                           CH3

11. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-CH3
                            |
                          CH2
                            |
                           CH3

12.  CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH3
               |     |      |
           CH3  CH3  CH3

13.CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH3
                    |     |
                CH2  CH3
                   |
                 CH3

                          CH3
                           |
14. CH3-CH2-CH- C - CH3
                     |      |
                   CH3  CH3
 
                   

Answer 2

Isomerism of Octane (C8H18)

Octane (C8H18) is an organic compound belonging to the alkane family. It is a hydrocarbon with eight carbon atoms and 18 hydrogen atoms. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. In the case of octane, there are several possible isomers.

Structural Isomers of Octane

1. n-Octane: The most common isomer of octane is n-octane, also known as normal octane. It has a straight-chain structure, with all eight carbon atoms arranged in a continuous chain. The molecular formula for n-octane is CH3(CH2)6CH3.

2. 2-Methylheptane: This isomer of octane has a branched structure, with a methyl group (CH3) attached to the second carbon atom of the chain. The molecular formula for 2-methylheptane is CH3(CH2)4CH(CH3)2.

3. 3-Methylheptane: Another branched isomer of octane is 3-methylheptane. It has a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom of the chain. The molecular formula for 3-methylheptane is CH3(CH2)3CH(CH3)2.

4. 2,2-Dimethylhexane: This isomer of octane has two methyl groups attached to the second carbon atom of the chain. The molecular formula for 2,2-dimethylhexane is CH3(CH2)2C(CH3)2CH2CH3.

5. 2,3-Dimethylpentane: Another isomer of octane is 2,3-dimethylpentane. It has two methyl groups attached to the second and third carbon atoms of the chain. The molecular formula for 2,3-dimethylpentane is CH3(CH2)2C(CH3)2CH(CH3)2.

These are just a few examples of the possible isomers of octane. There are more isomers with different arrangements of carbon atoms and methyl groups. Each isomer has its own unique physical and chemical properties.

Conclusion

In conclusion, octane (C8H18) has several structural isomers, including n-octane, 2-methylheptane, 3-methylheptane, 2,2-dimethylhexane, and 2,3-dimethylpentane. These isomers have different arrangements of carbon atoms and methyl groups, resulting in variations in their physical and chemical properties.