Question

Даны реакции а)MgCO3+2HCL--->MgCL2+H2O б)5FeO+2P--->5Fe+P2O3 в) 2KNO3--->2KNO2+O2 г)2KOH+CO2--->K2CO3+H2O Расставить степени окисления, выберите окислительно-восстановительные реакции,для оксислительно-восстановительных реакций определить окислитель и восстановитель НАПИШИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТАААА!!!!!!!!!!!!

Answer 1

Б)5FeO+2P=5Fe+P2O5 P(0)-5е=Р(+5) вос-ль,ок-е Fe(+2) +2e=Fe(0) ок-ль,вос-е В)2KNO3=2KNO2+O2 N(+5)+2e=N(+3) ок-ль,вос-е 2O(-2)-4e=O2(0) вос-ль,ок-е

Answer 2

Reaction a) MgCO3 + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O

The reaction between magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) produces magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and water (H2O).

Reaction б) 5FeO + 2P -> 5Fe + P2O3

The reaction between iron(II) oxide (FeO) and phosphorus (P) produces iron (Fe) and phosphorus(III) oxide (P2O3).

Reaction в) 2KNO3 -> 2KNO2 + O2

The reaction of potassium nitrate (KNO3) decomposes to form potassium nitrite (KNO2) and oxygen gas (O2).

Reaction г) 2KOH + CO2 -> K2CO3 + H2O

The reaction between potassium hydroxide (KOH) and carbon dioxide (CO2) produces potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and water (H2O).

Assigning Oxidation States

To determine the oxidation states of the elements in each reaction, we need to assign oxidation numbers to each element. The oxidation state is a measure of the number of electrons an atom has gained or lost in a compound or ion.

In reaction a): - Magnesium (Mg) has an oxidation state of +2 in MgCO3 and +2 in MgCl2. - Carbon (C) has an oxidation state of +4 in MgCO3. - Hydrogen (H) has an oxidation state of +1 in HCl and +1 in H2O. - Chlorine (Cl) has an oxidation state of -1 in HCl and -1 in MgCl2.

In reaction б): - Iron (Fe) has an oxidation state of +2 in FeO and 0 in Fe. - Phosphorus (P) has an oxidation state of -3 in P and +3 in P2O3.

In reaction в): - Potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1 in KNO3, +1 in KNO2, and 0 in O2. - Nitrogen (N) has an oxidation state of +5 in KNO3 and +4 in KNO2. - Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2 in KNO3, -2 in KNO2, and 0 in O2.

In reaction г): - Potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1 in KOH and K2CO3. - Carbon (C) has an oxidation state of +4 in CO2 and +4 in K2CO3. - Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2 in KOH, -2 in CO2, and -2 in K2CO3. - Hydrogen (H) has an oxidation state of +1 in KOH and +1 in H2O.

Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions

To determine the oxidizing and reducing agents in each reaction, we need to identify the elements that undergo changes in oxidation states.

In reaction a), magnesium (Mg) is oxidized from an oxidation state of 0 in MgCO3 to +2 in MgCl2, while hydrogen (H) is reduced from an oxidation state of +1 in HCl to 0 in H2O. Therefore, this is a redox reaction, with magnesium acting as the reducing agent (it undergoes oxidation) and hydrogen acting as the oxidizing agent (it undergoes reduction).

In reaction б), iron (Fe) is reduced from an oxidation state of +2 in FeO to 0 in Fe, while phosphorus (P) is oxidized from an oxidation state of 0 to +3 in P2O3. Therefore, this is also a redox reaction, with iron acting as the oxidizing agent and phosphorus acting as the reducing agent.

In reaction в), there is no change in the oxidation states of any elements, so this is not a redox reaction.

In reaction г), carbon (C) is oxidized from an oxidation state of +4 in CO2 to +4 in K2CO3, while oxygen (O) is reduced from an oxidation state of -2 in CO2 to -2 in H2O. Therefore, this is a redox reaction, with carbon acting as the reducing agent and oxygen acting as the oxidizing agent.

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