Question

Какие из следующих реакций являются окислительно-восстановительными реакциями? Определи окислитель и восстановитель в этих реакциях. 1) Ca + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2^ 2) 6Na + 2H3PO4 = 2Na3PO4 + 3H2^ 3) 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + 6h2o 4) Zn + H2SO3 = ZnSO3 +H2^ 5) CuSO4 + Fe = Cu + FeSO4

Answer 1

1) окислитель-H
восстановитель-Ca
2) окислитель-H
восстановитель-Na
3)эта реакция не является окислительно-восстановительной.
4) окислитель-H
восстановитель-Zn
5) окислитель- Cu
восстановитель-Fe

Answer 2

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions and Identifying Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species. In these reactions, one species loses electrons (oxidation) while another species gains electrons (reduction). The species that undergoes oxidation is called the reducing agent, while the species that undergoes reduction is called the oxidizing agent.

Let's analyze each of the given reactions to determine if they are oxidation-reduction reactions and identify the oxidizing and reducing agents involved.

1) Ca + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2 - This reaction involves the formation of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2) from calcium (Ca) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). - Calcium loses two electrons to form Ca2+ ions, which is an oxidation process. - Hydrogen gains two electrons to form H2 molecules, which is a reduction process. - Therefore, this reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. - The reducing agent is calcium (Ca), which loses electrons. - The oxidizing agent is hydrochloric acid (HCl), which gains electrons.

2) 6Na + 2H3PO4 = 2Na3PO4 + 3H2 - This reaction involves the formation of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) and hydrogen gas (H2) from sodium (Na) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). - Sodium loses one electron to form Na+ ions, which is an oxidation process. - Hydrogen gains one electron to form H2 molecules, which is a reduction process. - Therefore, this reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. - The reducing agent is sodium (Na), which loses electrons. - The oxidizing agent is phosphoric acid (H3PO4), which gains electrons.

3) 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O - This reaction involves the formation of aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and water (H2O) from aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). - Aluminum loses three electrons to form Al3+ ions, which is an oxidation process. - Hydrogen gains one electron to form H2O molecules, which is a reduction process. - Therefore, this reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. - The reducing agent is aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3), which loses electrons. - The oxidizing agent is sulfuric acid (H2SO4), which gains electrons.

4) Zn + H2SO3 = ZnSO3 + H2 - This reaction involves the formation of zinc sulfite (ZnSO3) and hydrogen gas (H2) from zinc (Zn) and sulfurous acid (H2SO3). - Zinc loses two electrons to form Zn2+ ions, which is an oxidation process. - Hydrogen gains two electrons to form H2 molecules, which is a reduction process. - Therefore, this reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. - The reducing agent is zinc (Zn), which loses electrons. - The oxidizing agent is sulfurous acid (H2SO3), which gains electrons.

5) CuSO4 + Fe = Cu + FeSO4 - This reaction involves the formation of copper (Cu) and iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4) from copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) and iron (Fe). - Copper gains two electrons to form Cu atoms, which is a reduction process. - Iron loses two electrons to form Fe2+ ions, which is an oxidation process. - Therefore, this reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. - The reducing agent is iron (Fe), which loses electrons. - The oxidizing agent is copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4), which gains electrons.

In summary, the following reactions are oxidation-reduction reactions:

1) Ca + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2 2) 6Na + 2H3PO4 = 2Na3PO4 + 3H2 3) 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O 4) Zn + H2SO3 = ZnSO3 + H2 5) CuSO4 + Fe = Cu + FeSO4

The reducing agents and oxidizing agents in each reaction are as follows:

1) Reducing agent: Ca; Oxidizing agent: HCl 2) Reducing agent: Na; Oxidizing agent: H3PO4 3) Reducing agent: Al(OH)3; Oxidizing agent: H2SO4 4) Reducing agent: Zn; Oxidizing agent: H2SO3 5) Reducing agent: Fe; Oxidizing agent: CuSO4

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