Question

Рассчитайте какой объем водорода выделится при взаимодействии натрия с раствором этиловго спирта массой 300 грамм содержащего 80% этанола

Answer 1

2C2H5OH+2Na=2C2H5ONa+H2
m(C2H5OH)=W*m(раствора)/100%=240г
n(C2H5OH)=m/M=5,2 моль
n(C2H5OH)/n(H2)=2:1
n(H2)=2,6 моль
V(H2)=n*V(молярный)=58,24л

Answer 2

Calculation of Hydrogen Volume

To calculate the volume of hydrogen gas released when sodium reacts with a solution of ethyl alcohol (ethanol), we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

2Na + 2C2H5OH -> 2C2H5ONa + H2

From the equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of sodium (Na) and 2 moles of ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH), we get 1 mole of hydrogen gas (H2) as a product.

To calculate the volume of hydrogen gas, we need to follow these steps:

Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) in the given mass.

Given: Mass of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) = 300 grams Percentage of ethanol in the solution = 80%

To calculate the moles of ethanol, we can use the formula:

moles = mass / molar mass

The molar mass of ethanol (C2H5OH) is calculated as follows: (2 * atomic mass of carbon) + (6 * atomic mass of hydrogen) + atomic mass of oxygen

Using the atomic masses from the periodic table: (2 * 12.01 g/mol) + (6 * 1.01 g/mol) + 16.00 g/mol = 46.07 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the moles of ethanol: moles of ethanol = 300 g / 46.07 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate the moles of hydrogen gas produced.

From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 2 moles of ethanol produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas.

moles of hydrogen gas = moles of ethanol / 2

Step 3: Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas using the ideal gas law.

The ideal gas law equation is: PV = nRT

Where: P = pressure (usually given in atm) V = volume (in liters) n = number of moles R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) T = temperature (in Kelvin)

Assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 1 atm and 273.15 K, we can calculate the volume of hydrogen gas.

V = (moles of hydrogen gas * R * T) / P

Using the values: P = 1 atm T = 273.15 K R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) moles of hydrogen gas = moles of ethanol / 2

We can substitute these values into the equation to calculate the volume of hydrogen gas.

Please note that the above calculations assume ideal conditions and may not account for all factors that could affect the reaction. Additionally, safety precautions should be taken when handling sodium and flammable substances.

Let's calculate the volume of hydrogen gas using the given information.