Question

Здійсніть перетворення: N2--->NH3--->NO--->NO2--->HNO3--->KNO3

Answer 1

4NH3 + 5O2 = 4NO + 6H2O (условия: kat Pt)
N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3 (условия: t,P,kat)
2NO + O2 = 2NO2
4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O --> 4HNO3
KOH+HNO3(разб.)=KNO3+H2O

Answer 2

Conversion of N2 to NH3

The conversion of N2 (nitrogen gas) to NH3 (ammonia) is known as nitrogen fixation. This process is essential for the production of ammonia, which is widely used in fertilizers and various industrial applications.

One common method of nitrogen fixation is the Haber-Bosch process, which involves the reaction of nitrogen gas with hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst, typically iron or ruthenium. The reaction is carried out at high temperatures (400-500°C) and high pressures (100-200 atmospheres). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 [[1]]

Conversion of NH3 to NO

The conversion of NH3 (ammonia) to NO (nitric oxide) involves a process called selective catalytic reduction (SCR). In this process, ammonia is reacted with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst, typically vanadium oxide or zeolite, at high temperatures (300-500°C). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O [[2]]

Conversion of NO to NO2

The conversion of NO (nitric oxide) to NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) can occur through a variety of processes, including reaction with oxygen in the atmosphere or reaction with ozone. One common method is the reaction of NO with oxygen gas, which is catalyzed by sunlight or other sources of energy. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

2NO + O2 → 2NO2 [[3]]

Conversion of NO2 to HNO3

The conversion of NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) to HNO3 (nitric acid) involves the reaction of NO2 with water. This reaction is known as the absorption process and is typically carried out in an absorber tower. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

3NO2 + H2O → 2HNO3 + NO [[4]]

Conversion of HNO3 to KNO3

The conversion of HNO3 (nitric acid) to KNO3 (potassium nitrate) involves the reaction of nitric acid with potassium hydroxide. This reaction is known as neutralization and results in the formation of potassium nitrate and water. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

HNO3 + KOH → KNO3 + H2O [[5]]

Overall, the transformation from N2 to KNO3 involves a series of chemical reactions, starting with the conversion of N2 to NH3 through nitrogen fixation, followed by the conversion of NH3 to NO through selective catalytic reduction. Then, NO is converted to NO2 through various processes, and NO2 is further converted to HNO3 through absorption. Finally, HNO3 is neutralized with potassium hydroxide to form KNO3.