Question

Вычислите относительные молекулярные массы следующих веществ: хлорCI2,сульфатная кислота H2SO4,сахароза C12H22O11, медьCu,гипс CaSO4, мелCaCO3,малахит (CuOH)2CO3

Answer 1

Mr(Cl2)=35,5*2=71
Mr(H2SO4)=Ar(H)*2+Ar(S)+Ar(O)*4=1*2+32+16*4=98
Mr(C12H22O11)=12*12+1*22+16*11=342
Mr(Cu)=64
Mr(CaSO4)=40*1+32*1+16*4=136
Mr(CaCO3)=40*1+12*1+16*3=100
Mr((CuOH)2CO3)= 64*2+16*2+2*1+12*16*3=222

Answer 2

Calculating Relative Molecular Masses

To calculate the relative molecular masses of the given substances, we can use the atomic masses of the elements and sum them according to the molecular formula.

1. Chlorine (Cl2) - The relative molecular mass of chlorine (Cl2) can be calculated by adding the atomic mass of chlorine (Cl) to itself. - The atomic mass of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.5 g/mol. - Therefore, the relative molecular mass of chlorine (Cl2) is 35.5 * 2 = 71 g/mol .

2. Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) - The relative molecular mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of hydrogen (H), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O) according to the molecular formula. - The atomic mass of hydrogen (H) is approximately 1 g/mol, sulfur (S) is approximately 32 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16 g/mol. - Therefore, the relative molecular mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is 1 * 2 + 32 + 16 * 4 = 98 g/mol .

3. Sucrose (C12H22O11) - The relative molecular mass of sucrose (C12H22O11) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) according to the molecular formula. - The atomic mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12 g/mol, hydrogen (H) is approximately 1 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16 g/mol. - Therefore, the relative molecular mass of sucrose (C12H22O11) is 12 * 12 + 1 * 22 + 16 * 11 = 342 g/mol .

4. Copper (Cu) - The relative atomic mass of copper (Cu) is approximately 63.5 g/mol .

5. Gypsum (CaSO4) - The relative molecular mass of gypsum (CaSO4) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O) according to the molecular formula. - The atomic mass of calcium (Ca) is approximately 40 g/mol, sulfur (S) is approximately 32 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16 g/mol. - Therefore, the relative molecular mass of gypsum (CaSO4) is 40 + 32 + 16 * 4 = 136 g/mol .

6. Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) - The relative molecular mass of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of calcium (Ca), carbon (C), and oxygen (O) according to the molecular formula. - The atomic mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12 g/mol, calcium (Ca) is approximately 40 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16 g/mol. - Therefore, the relative molecular mass of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is 40 + 12 + 16 * 3 = 100 g/mol .

7. Malachite (Cu(OH)2CO3) - The relative molecular mass of malachite (Cu(OH)2CO3) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of copper (Cu), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), and carbon (C) according to the molecular formula. - The atomic mass of copper (Cu) is approximately 63.5 g/mol, oxygen (O) is approximately 16 g/mol, hydrogen (H) is approximately 1 g/mol, and carbon (C) is approximately 12 g/mol. - Therefore, the relative molecular mass of malachite (Cu(OH)2CO3) is 63.5 + 16 * 3 + 1 * 2 + 12 + 16 * 3 = 221 g/mol .

By using the atomic masses of the elements and summing them according to the molecular formulas, we have calculated the relative molecular masses of the given substances.