Question

Вычислите массу соли образованной при взаимодействии 200г 10% раствора гидроксида натрия с 7,3г соляной кислоты.

Answer 1

NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O;
M(NaOH) = 40 г/моль; M(HCl) = 36,5 г/моль; M(NaCl) = 58.5 г/моль;
m(NaOH)= w*m(р-ра) = 0,1*200 = 20 г;
n(NaOH) = m/M = 20/40=0,5 моль;  n(HCl) = m/M =7,3/36,5 = 0,2 моль; (по уравнению видно. что количества вещества NaOH и HCl должны быть равны, а по расчётам видно, что NaOH в избытке. Решаем по недостатку, т.е. по HCl).
n(HCl) = n(NaCl) = 0,2 моль (по уравнению);
m(NaCl) = n*M = 0,2*58,5 = 11,7 г

Answer 2

Calculation of the Mass of Salt Formed

To calculate the mass of salt formed during the reaction between a 200g 10% solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 7.3g of hydrochloric acid (HCl), we need to determine the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid is as follows:

NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of sodium hydroxide reacts with 1 mole of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of sodium chloride and 1 mole of water.

To calculate the mass of salt formed, we need to determine the number of moles of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide used in the reaction.

1. Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl): - Given mass of hydrochloric acid = 7.3g - Molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) = 36.46 g/mol (source - Number of moles of HCl = mass of HCl / molar mass of HCl

2. Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH): - Given mass of sodium hydroxide = 200g - Concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution = 10% (source - This means that 10g of sodium hydroxide is present in 100g of the solution. - Number of grams of sodium hydroxide in the solution = (10/100) * 200g - Molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 39.997 g/mol (source - Number of moles of NaOH = mass of NaOH / molar mass of NaOH

3. Determine the limiting reactant: - The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed in the reaction and determines the amount of product formed. - To determine the limiting reactant, compare the number of moles of HCl and NaOH calculated in steps 1 and 2. - The reactant with the smaller number of moles is the limiting reactant.

4. Calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) formed: - From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of sodium hydroxide reacts with 1 mole of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of sodium chloride. - The number of moles of sodium chloride formed is equal to the number of moles of the limiting reactant.

5. Calculate the mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) formed: - Multiply the number of moles of sodium chloride by the molar mass of sodium chloride (58.44 g/mol) to obtain the mass of sodium chloride formed.

Let's calculate the mass of salt formed using the given information.

Calculation Steps:

1. Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl): - Given mass of hydrochloric acid = 7.3g - Molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) = 36.46 g/mol (source - Number of moles of HCl = 7.3g / 36.46 g/mol

2. Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH): - Given mass of sodium hydroxide = 200g - Concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution = 10% (source - Number of grams of sodium hydroxide in the solution = (10/100) * 200g - Molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 39.997 g/mol (source - Number of moles of NaOH = (10/100) * 200g / 39.997 g/mol

3. Determine the limiting reactant: - Compare the number of moles of HCl and NaOH calculated in steps 1 and 2. - The reactant with the smaller number of moles is the limiting reactant.

4. Calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) formed: - The number of moles of sodium chloride formed is equal to the number of moles of the limiting reactant.

5. Calculate the mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) formed: - Multiply the number of moles of sodium chloride by the molar mass of sodium chloride (58.44 g/mol) to obtain the mass of sodium chloride formed.

Let's perform the calculations:

1. Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl): - Given mass of hydrochloric acid = 7.3g - Molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) = 36.46 g/mol (source - Number of moles of HCl = 7.3g / 36.46 g/mol = 0.200 moles

2. Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH): - Given mass of sodium hydroxide = 200g - Concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution = 10% (source - Number of grams of sodium hydroxide in the solution = (10/100) * 200g = 20g - Molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 39.997 g/mol (source - Number of moles of NaOH = 20g / 39.997 g/mol = 0.500 moles

3. Determine the limiting reactant: - The reactant with the smaller number of moles is the limiting reactant. - In this case, hydrochloric acid (HCl) has 0.200 moles and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has 0.500 moles. - Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is the limiting reactant.

4. Calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) formed: - The number of moles of sodium chloride formed is equal to the number of moles of the limiting reactant. - Number of moles of NaCl formed = 0.200 moles

5. Calculate the mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) formed: - Multiply the number of moles of sodium chloride by the molar mass of sodium chloride (58.44 g/mol) to obtain the mass of sodium chloride formed. - Mass of NaCl formed = 0.200 moles * 58.44 g/mol = 11.688g

Therefore, the mass of salt formed during the reaction is approximately 11.688 grams.

Please note that the calculations are based on the given information and assumptions.