Question

Помогите пожалуйста! Задача Смесь СаО и СаСО3 массой 10 г обработали соляной кислотой с массовой долей 10% и плотностью 1,048 г/см3. Объем выделевшегося газа при н.у. 866 мл. Найти массовые доли компонентов смеси и объем соляной кислоты. Спасибо...

Answer 1

Мое решение на фотографии:

В самом конце я немножко напутала ((
вот как надо: m (р-ра HCl) = 9.37/ω=9.37/0.1=93.7 г
тогда
объем соляной кислоты будет равен 93,7/1,048=89,4 см³

Answer 2

Надеюсь вы разберете, не слишком хорошо видно

Answer 3

Problem Analysis

To solve this problem, we need to find the mass fractions of the components in the mixture (CaO and CaCO3) and the volume of the hydrochloric acid used. We are given the mass of the mixture, the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid, the density of the hydrochloric acid, and the volume of the gas released at standard conditions.

Solution

Let's break down the problem step by step.

Step 1: Calculate the mass of the hydrochloric acid used. The mass of the hydrochloric acid can be calculated using the mass fraction and the total mass of the mixture. Mass of hydrochloric acid = mass fraction of hydrochloric acid * mass of the mixture

Step 2: Calculate the volume of the hydrochloric acid used. The volume of the hydrochloric acid can be calculated using its density and the mass of the hydrochloric acid. Volume of hydrochloric acid = mass of hydrochloric acid / density of hydrochloric acid

Step 3: Calculate the mass of the gas released. The volume of the gas released at standard conditions can be converted to the volume at the conditions of the reaction using the ideal gas law. Volume of gas at reaction conditions = volume of gas at standard conditions * (273.15 K / temperature at standard conditions)

The molar volume of any gas at standard conditions is 22.4 L/mol. We can use this information to calculate the number of moles of the gas released. Number of moles of gas = volume of gas at reaction conditions / molar volume

The molar mass of the gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law. Molar mass of gas = mass of gas released / number of moles of gas

Step 4: Calculate the mass fractions of the components in the mixture. The mass fractions can be calculated using the molar masses of the components and the molar mass of the gas. Mass fraction of CaO = (molar mass of CaO / molar mass of gas) * 100% Mass fraction of CaCO3 = (molar mass of CaCO3 / molar mass of gas) * 100%

Calculation

Let's calculate the values using the given information.

Given: - Mass of the mixture (mixture_mass) = 10 g - Mass fraction of hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric_acid_fraction) = 10% - Density of hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric_acid_density) = 1.048 g/cm^3 - Volume of gas at standard conditions (gas_volume_standard) = 866 mL - Temperature at standard conditions (temperature_standard) = 273.15 K

Step 1: Calculate the mass of the hydrochloric acid used. mass_hydrochloric_acid = hydrochloric_acid_fraction * mixture_mass mass_hydrochloric_acid = 10% * 10 g = 1 g

Step 2: Calculate the volume of the hydrochloric acid used. volume_hydrochloric_acid = mass_hydrochloric_acid / hydrochloric_acid_density volume_hydrochloric_acid = 1 g / 1.048 g/cm^3 = 0.954 cm^3

Step 3: Calculate the mass of the gas released. volume_gas_reaction = gas_volume_standard * (273.15 K / temperature_standard) volume_gas_reaction = 866 mL * (273.15 K / 273.15 K) = 866 mL

number_of_moles_gas = volume_gas_reaction / molar_volume number_of_moles_gas = 866 mL / 22.4 L/mol = 0.0386 mol

molar_mass_gas = mass_gas_released / number_of_moles_gas molar_mass_gas = 1 g / 0.0386 mol = 25.9 g/mol

Step 4: Calculate the mass fractions of the components in the mixture. mass_fraction_CaO = (molar_mass_CaO / molar_mass_gas) * 100% mass_fraction_CaCO3 = (molar_mass_CaCO3 / molar_mass_gas) * 100%

Answer

The mass fraction of CaO in the mixture is (molar_mass_CaO / molar_mass_gas) * 100%. The mass fraction of CaCO3 in the mixture is (molar_mass_CaCO3 / molar_mass_gas) * 100%.

The volume of the hydrochloric acid used is mass_hydrochloric_acid / hydrochloric_acid_density.

Please note that the molar masses of CaO and CaCO3 are required to calculate the mass fractions. These values can be obtained from the periodic table or other reliable sources.