Question

Осуществите следующие превращения C--->CO2--->Na2CO3--->CO2Назовите все вещества:для риакции 1 укажите тип химической реакции;для реакции 3 составьте полное и сокращенное ионно-малекулярные уравнения.Определите степени окисления элиментов в карбонат натрия.

Answer 1

1)C           +        O2       =         CO2 (тип реакции - соединение, эндотермическая)

углерод              кислород                 Углекислый газ или оксид углерода IV

2)CO2            + Na2O                        =                     Na2CO3

                           оксид натрия

Степени окисления в карбонате натрия : Na(+1)C(+4)O(-2)

3)Na2CO3+2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2

 

Полное ионно-молекулярное:

2Na(+1) + CO3(-2) + 2H(+1) + 2Cl(-1) = 2Na(+1) + 2Cl(-1) + H2O + CO2

Сокращенное ионно-молекулярное:

СO3(-2)+2H = H2O + CO2

(Т.К. H2CO3 разлагается на CO2 и H2O)

Answer 2

Chemical Transformations:

The given chemical transformations are as follows:

1. C -> CO2 2. CO2 -> Na2CO3 3. Na2CO3 -> CO2

Naming the Substances:

1. C: Carbon 2. CO2: Carbon dioxide 3. Na2CO3: Sodium carbonate

Type of Chemical Reaction:

The reaction between carbon and oxygen to form carbon dioxide (C -> CO2) is a combustion reaction. Combustion reactions involve the rapid combination of a substance with oxygen, resulting in the release of heat and the formation of new compounds.

Balanced Equations:

1. C -> CO2: - This reaction represents the combustion of carbon to form carbon dioxide. - The balanced equation for this reaction is: C + O2 -> CO2.

2. CO2 -> Na2CO3: - This reaction represents the reaction between carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide to form sodium carbonate. - The balanced equation for this reaction is: CO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2CO3 + H2O.

3. Na2CO3 -> CO2: - This reaction represents the decomposition of sodium carbonate to form carbon dioxide. - The balanced equation for this reaction is: Na2CO3 -> CO2 + Na2O.

Oxidation States in Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3):

To determine the oxidation states of the elements in sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), we can assign oxidation states based on the known rules:

- The oxidation state of sodium (Na) is +1, as it is an alkali metal. - The oxidation state of oxygen (O) is -2, as it is usually assigned a -2 oxidation state in compounds. - The sum of the oxidation states in a compound must be zero.

Using these rules, we can calculate the oxidation state of carbon (C) in sodium carbonate (Na2CO3):

Let the oxidation state of carbon be x. The oxidation state of sodium is +1, and there are two sodium atoms, so the total oxidation state of sodium is +2. The oxidation state of oxygen is -2, and there are three oxygen atoms, so the total oxidation state of oxygen is -6.

The sum of the oxidation states must be zero: 2(+1) + x + 3(-2) = 0 2 + x - 6 = 0 x - 4 = 0 x = +4

Therefore, the oxidation state of carbon (C) in sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is +4.

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