Question

ДОПОМОЖІТЬ БУДЬ ЛАСКА Здійсніть реакції обміну між розчинами електролітів з утворенням: а) осаду; б) газу; в) води. Запишіть рівняння реакцій в молекулярній та йонній формах. Зробіть висновок​

Answer 1

Reactions of Electrolyte Solutions

When two electrolyte solutions are mixed, various reactions can occur, leading to the formation of precipitates, gases, or water. Let's explore each of these reactions in detail.

Formation of Precipitate

When two electrolyte solutions are mixed and a precipitate is formed, it indicates a double displacement reaction. This occurs when the cations and anions of the two electrolytes switch places to form new compounds, one of which is insoluble and precipitates out of the solution.

The molecular and ionic equations for the formation of a precipitate can be represented as follows:

Molecular Equation: ``` AB(aq) + CD(aq) → AD(s) + CB(aq) ```

Ionic Equation: ``` AB(aq) + CD(aq) → A+(aq) + B-(aq) + C+(aq) + D-(aq) → AD(s) + C+(aq) + B-(aq) ```

Formation of Gas

When two electrolyte solutions are mixed and a gas is formed, it typically indicates a gas-evolution reaction. This type of reaction involves the release of a gaseous product, often as a result of the combination of anions or cations to form a gaseous compound.

The molecular and ionic equations for the formation of a gas can be represented as follows:

Molecular Equation: ``` EF(aq) + GH(aq) → E(s) + F(g) + G(aq) + H(aq) ```

Ionic Equation: ``` EF(aq) + GH(aq) → E+(aq) + F-(aq) + G+(aq) + H-(aq) → E(s) + F(g) + G+(aq) + H-(aq) ```

Formation of Water

When two electrolyte solutions are mixed and water is formed, it typically involves an acid-base neutralization reaction. This type of reaction occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

The molecular and ionic equations for the formation of water can be represented as follows:

Molecular Equation: ``` HI(aq) + JK(aq) → H2O(l) + IJ(aq) ```

Ionic Equation: ``` HI(aq) + JK(aq) → H+(aq) + I-(aq) + J+(aq) + K-(aq) → H2O(l) + IJ(aq) ```

Conclusion

In conclusion, the reactions of electrolyte solutions can lead to the formation of precipitates, gases, or water, depending on the specific compounds involved. These reactions are fundamental in understanding chemical processes and play a crucial role in various fields, including chemistry, environmental science, and industrial applications.