
Форми періодичної системи хімічних елементів реферат 8 клас


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Periodic Table of Elements
The periodic table of elements is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, organized by their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. It is widely used in chemistry and other sciences to understand the behavior and properties of the elements.
Key Points: - The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic number, which is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. - Elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together in columns called groups or families. - The rows of the table are called periods and are arranged so that elements with similar properties fall into the same vertical columns.
The modern periodic table has 118 confirmed elements, with elements 1-94 occurring naturally on Earth. The remaining elements are synthetic and have been created in laboratories.
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Structure of the Periodic Table
The periodic table is divided into several distinct regions, each with its own unique properties and characteristics.
Key Points: - The table is divided into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their physical and chemical properties. - The transition metals are located in the center of the table, and the inner transition metals are located at the bottom of the table. - The lanthanides and actinides are placed below the main body of the table to conserve space.
The periodic table is a valuable tool for understanding the properties and behaviors of the elements. It allows scientists to predict the properties of new elements and compounds and provides a framework for understanding chemical reactions and bonding.
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