Question

Вычисли, какой объём углекислого газа (н. у.) выделится при взаимодействии азотной кислоты с 9 г карбоната лития, содержащего 14 % некарбонатных примесей. Промежуточные расчёты делай с точностью 3 знака после запятой, а ответ впиши с точностью 2 знака после запятой.

Answer 1

                   0,105                      х
2HNO3+Li2CO3->2LiNO3+CO2+H2O
                      74                         44
m(Li2CO3)без прим.=9*0,86=7,74
n(Li2NO3)=7,74/74=0,105
$\frac{0,105}{74}= \frac{x}{44} x=0,06 V(CO2)=0,06*22,4=1,344$литра
Ответ:1,344литра

Answer 2

Calculating the Volume of Carbon Dioxide Gas Released

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas released when nitric acid reacts with 9 grams of lithium carbonate, we can use the stoichiometry of the reaction and the given information about the amount of lithium carbonate and its impurities.

Given Information

- Mass of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) = 9 grams - Lithium carbonate purity = 86% (contains 14% impurities) - Reaction: Nitric acid (HNO3) + Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) → Lithium nitrate (LiNO3) + Carbon dioxide (CO2) + Water (H2O)

Step 1: Calculate the Actual Mass of Lithium Carbonate

The actual mass of pure lithium carbonate can be calculated as follows: \[ \text{Actual mass of Li}_2\text{CO}_3 = \frac{100}{86} \times 9 \, \text{grams} \]

\[ \text{Actual mass of Li}_2\text{CO}_3 = \frac{100}{86} \times 9 = 10.465 \, \text{grams} \]

Step 2: Calculate the Moles of Lithium Carbonate

Next, we calculate the moles of lithium carbonate using its molar mass, which is 73.89 g/mol. \[ \text{Moles of Li}_2\text{CO}_3 = \frac{\text{Actual mass of Li}_2\text{CO}_3}{\text{Molar mass of Li}_2\text{CO}_3} \]

\[ \text{Moles of Li}_2\text{CO}_3 = \frac{10.465}{73.89} = 0.1417 \, \text{moles} \]

Step 3: Use Stoichiometry to Find Moles of Carbon Dioxide

From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 1 mole of lithium carbonate produces 1 mole of carbon dioxide. \[ \text{Moles of CO}_2 = \text{Moles of Li}_2\text{CO}_3 \]

\[ \text{Moles of CO}_2 = 0.1417 \, \text{moles} \]

Step 4: Calculate the Volume of Carbon Dioxide Gas

Finally, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 0°C and 1 atm. The molar volume of a gas at STP is 22.4 L/mol. \[ \text{Volume of CO}_2 = \text{Moles of CO}_2 \times \text{Molar volume at STP} \]

\[ \text{Volume of CO}_2 = 0.1417 \times 22.4 = 3.17 \, \text{liters} \]

The volume of carbon dioxide gas released is 3.17 liters. [[1]]