Question

40Б ДАЮ определите какое количество вещества и какой объем водорода (н.у) образуются если прореагирует 3 моль хлоридной кислоты с: а)с магнием б) алюминием в)никелем​

Answer 1

Ответ:

3 Xмол У

а) 2HCl + Mg = MgCl2 + H2

2 1 22,4л

Х = 3*1/2=1,5моль

У= 22,4*3/2=33,6л

3 X Y

б)2AI + 6HCI = 2AICI3 + 3H2

6 2 3*22,4

X=2*3/6=1моль

У=3*22,4*3/6=33,6л

3 X У

в) Ni + 2HCl = NiCl2 + H2

2 1 22,4

Х=3*1/2=1,5моль

У=22,4*3/2=33,6л

Answer 2

Calculation of the Amount of Substance and Volume of Hydrogen Gas Produced

To determine the amount of substance and volume of hydrogen gas produced when 3 moles of hydrochloric acid react with different substances, we need to consider the balanced chemical equations for each reaction.

a) Reaction with Magnesium: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and magnesium (Mg) is:

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2

According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of magnesium reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas. Therefore, if 3 moles of hydrochloric acid react, we can calculate the amount of hydrogen gas produced as follows:

Amount of Hydrogen Gas = (3 moles HCl) x (1 mole H2 / 2 moles HCl) = 1.5 moles H2

The volume of hydrogen gas produced can be calculated using the ideal gas law, assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP). At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters. Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas produced can be calculated as:

Volume of Hydrogen Gas = (1.5 moles H2) x (22.4 liters / 1 mole H2) = 33.6 liters

b) Reaction with Aluminum: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and aluminum (Al) is:

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2

According to the balanced equation, 2 moles of aluminum react with 6 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 3 moles of hydrogen gas. Therefore, if 3 moles of hydrochloric acid react, we can calculate the amount of hydrogen gas produced as follows:

Amount of Hydrogen Gas = (3 moles HCl) x (3 moles H2 / 6 moles HCl) = 1.5 moles H2

The volume of hydrogen gas produced can be calculated using the ideal gas law, assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP). At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters. Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas produced can be calculated as:

Volume of Hydrogen Gas = (1.5 moles H2) x (22.4 liters / 1 mole H2) = 33.6 liters

c) Reaction with Nickel: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nickel (Ni) is:

Ni + 2HCl → NiCl2 + H2

According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of nickel reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas. Therefore, if 3 moles of hydrochloric acid react, we can calculate the amount of hydrogen gas produced as follows:

Amount of Hydrogen Gas = (3 moles HCl) x (1 mole H2 / 2 moles HCl) = 1.5 moles H2

The volume of hydrogen gas produced can be calculated using the ideal gas law, assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP). At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters. Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas produced can be calculated as:

Volume of Hydrogen Gas = (1.5 moles H2) x (22.4 liters / 1 mole H2) = 33.6 liters

In summary, when 3 moles of hydrochloric acid react with: a) Magnesium, 1.5 moles of hydrogen gas are produced, occupying a volume of 33.6 liters. b) Aluminum, 1.5 moles of hydrogen gas are produced, occupying a volume of 33.6 liters. c) Nickel, 1.5 moles of hydrogen gas are produced, occupying a volume of 33.6 liters.

Please note that these calculations assume ideal conditions and may not account for any side reactions or deviations from ideal gas behavior.