Question

• Приведите  классификацию  химических элементов в организме живых организмов. • Объясните роль кальция в организме человека.  А)входит в состав крови, участвует в фотосинтезе,В)входит в состав нуклеиновых кислот, клеточных оболочек растений,С)входит в состав костей, участвует в сократимости волокон,D)входит в состав гормонов и клубеньковых бактерий в корнях растений.• С какими из перечисленных веществ реагирует фосфор.А)металлами,В)галогенами,С)инертными газами,D)щелочами.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Объяснение:

• Объясните роль кальция в организме человека.

С)входит в состав костей, участвует в сократимости волокон,

• С какими из перечисленных веществ реагирует фосфор.

А)металлами, 3Mg + 2P = Mg3P2

В)галогенами 2P + 5Cl2 = 2PCl5

D)щелочами. 4 P + 3 KOH + 3 H2O = PH3 + 3 KH2PO2

Answer 2

Classification of Chemical Elements in Living Organisms

Chemical elements in living organisms can be classified into several categories based on their functions and abundance. Here is a general classification of chemical elements in living organisms:

1. Major Elements: These elements are present in large quantities in living organisms and are essential for their growth and development. They include carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and phosphorus (P). These elements form the building blocks of biological molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

2. Trace Elements: These elements are required in small amounts but are still essential for various biological processes. Some examples of trace elements include iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iodine (I), and selenium (Se). They play important roles as cofactors in enzymatic reactions, electron carriers, and structural components of certain proteins.

3. Electrolytes: Electrolytes are ions that are involved in maintaining the balance of fluids and pH levels in the body. They include sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-). These ions are crucial for nerve function, muscle contraction, and maintaining osmotic balance.

4. Non-Essential Elements: Some elements are found in living organisms but are not considered essential for their survival. These elements include aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb). While they may have certain biological functions, they are not required for normal growth and development.

Role of Calcium in the Human Body

Calcium (Ca) plays a vital role in the human body. It is primarily known for its involvement in maintaining the strength and health of bones and teeth. However, calcium has several other important functions as well. Here are some key roles of calcium in the human body:

1. Bone Health: Calcium is a major component of bones and teeth, providing strength and structure. It is continuously deposited and reabsorbed in bone tissue, maintaining bone density and preventing conditions like osteoporosis.

2. Muscle Contraction: Calcium ions are essential for muscle contraction. When a muscle is stimulated, calcium is released from storage sites within muscle cells, allowing the muscle fibers to contract. This process is crucial for movement, including voluntary muscle actions and involuntary processes like heartbeat and digestion.

3. Nerve Function: Calcium ions are involved in transmitting nerve impulses throughout the body. They play a role in the release of neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers that allow communication between nerve cells.

4. Blood Clotting: Calcium is necessary for the formation of blood clots. When a blood vessel is damaged, calcium ions help initiate a series of reactions that lead to the formation of a clot, preventing excessive bleeding.

5. Cell Signaling: Calcium ions act as secondary messengers in various cellular signaling pathways. They regulate processes such as cell division, gene expression, and hormone secretion.

Based on the provided options, the correct statement about the role of calcium in the human body is that it enters the composition of bones and is involved in the contractility of fibers (C). Calcium does not participate in blood clotting, the formation of nucleic acids, or the synthesis of hormones or bacterial nodules in plant roots.

Reactivity of Phosphorus

Phosphorus (P) is a highly reactive element that can react with various substances. Among the options provided, phosphorus reacts with metals (A), halogens (B), and alkalis (D). Phosphorus does not react significantly with inert gases (C).

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