Question

Осуществите химические превращения: Осуществите химические превращения: 1.Al→Al2O3→AlCl3→Al(OH)3→Al2O3 2. P→P2O5→H3PO4→Na3PO4→Ca3(PO4)2 3. Zn→ZnCl2→Zn(OH)2→ZnO→Zn(NO3)2 4.Cu →CuO→CuCl2→Cu(OH)2→CuO→Cu 5.N2O5→HNO3→Fe(NO3)2→Fe(OH)2→FeS→FeSO4

Answer 1

Ответ:

1.Al→Al2O3→AlCl3→Al(OH)3→Al2O3

4Al+3O₂=2Al2O3

Al2O3+6HCI=2AlCl3+3H₂O

AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3↓+3NaCI

2Al(OH)3=Al2O3+3H₂O

2. P→P2O5→H3PO4→Na3PO4→Ca3(PO4)2

4P+5O₂=2P2O5

P2O5+3H₂O=2H3PO4

H3PO4+3NaOH=Na3PO4+3H₂O

2Na3PO4+3CaCI₂=Ca3(PO4)2↓+6NaCI

3. Zn→ZnCl2→Zn(OH)2→ZnO→Zn(NO3)2

Zn+2HCI=ZnCl2+H₂

ZnCl2+2NaOH=Zn(OH)2+2NaCI

Zn(OH)2=ZnO+H₂O

ZnO+2HNO₃=Zn(NO3)2 +H₂O

4.Cu →CuO→CuCl2→Cu(OH)2→CuO→Cu

2Cu+O₂=2CuO

CuO+2HCI=CuCl2+H₂O

CuCl2+2NaOH=Cu(OH)2+2NaCI

Cu(OH)2=CuO+H₂O

2CuO+C=2Cu +CO₂

5.

N2O5+H₂O=2HNO3

2HNO3+Fe(OH)₂=Fe(NO3)2+2H₂O

Fe(NO3)2+2NaOH=Fe(OH)2+2NaNO₃

Fe(OH)2+H₂S=FeS+2H₂O

FeS+H₂SO₄=FeSO4+2H₂S

Answer 2

1.

4Al + 3O₂ = 2Al₂O₃

Al₂O₃ + 6HCI = 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

AlCl₃ + 3NaOH  = Al(OH)₃↓ + 3NaCI

2Al(OH)₃ =t°= Al₂O₃ + 3H₂O

2.

4P + 5O₂ = 2P₂O₅

P₂O₅ + 3H₂O = 2H₃PO₄

2H₃PO₄ + 3Na₂O = 2Na₃PO₄ + 3H₂O

2Na₃PO₄ + 3CaCI₂ = Ca₃(PO₄)₂↓ + 6NaCI

3.

Zn + CI₂ = ZnCl₂

ZnCl₂ + 2KOH = Zn(OH)₂ + 2KCI

Zn(OH)₂ =t°= ZnO + H₂O

ZnO + 2HNO₃ = Zn(NO₃)₂ + H₂O

4.

2Cu + O₂ = 2CuO

CuO + 2HCI = CuCl₂ + H₂O

CuCl₂ + Ba(OH)₂ = Cu(OH)₂↓ + BaCI₂

Cu(OH)₂ =t°= CuO + H₂O

CuO + H₂ = Cu + H₂O

5.

N₂O₅ + H₂O = 2HNO₃

2HNO3 + FeO = Fe(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O

Fe(NO₃)₂ + 2KOH = Fe(OH)₂↓ + 2KNO₃

Fe(OH)₂ + H₂S = FeS + 2H₂O

FeS + H₂SO₄ = FeSO₄ + 2H₂S

Answer 3

1. 2Al → Al2O3 (aluminum oxide) Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 (aluminum chloride) + 3H2O 2AlCl3 + 6NaOH → 2Al(OH)3 (aluminum hydroxide) + 6NaCl 2Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 + 3H2O (water)

2. P4 (phosphorus) + 5O2 → P4O10 (phosphorus pentoxide) P4O10 + 6H2O → 4H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) 2NaOH + H3PO4 → Na2HPO4 + 2H2O 3Ca(OH)2 + 2H3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 (calcium phosphate) + 6H2O

3. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 (zinc chloride) + H2 ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → Zn(OH)2 (zinc hydroxide) + 2NaCl Zn(OH)2 → ZnO (zinc oxide) + H2O ZnO + 2HNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 (zinc nitrate) + H2O

4. 2Cu + O2 → 2CuO (copper(II) oxide) CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 (copper(II) chloride) + H2O CuCl2 + 2NaOH → Cu(OH)2 (copper(II) hydroxide) + 2NaCl Cu(OH)2 → CuO + H2O CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 (copper(II) sulfate) + H2O

5. N2O5 (dinitrogen pentoxide) + H2O → 2HNO3 (nitric acid) 3Fe + 4HNO3 → 3Fe(NO3)2 (iron(II) nitrate) + 2NO + 2H2O Fe(NO3)2 + 2NaOH → Fe(OH)2 (iron(II) hydroxide) + 2NaNO3 Fe(OH)2 → FeS (iron(II) sulfide) + H2O FeS + H2SO4 → FeSO4 (iron(II) sulfate) + H2O