Question

Французский философ XVI в. М. Монтень так писал о совести: "Совесть может преисполнять уверенностью и душевным спокойствием" Раскрой смысл слов известного философа. В каких случаях, почему совесть преисполняет человека страхом? В чем может быть причина страха? А в каких случаях совесть дает человеку уверенность и душевное спокойствие

Answer 1

Совесть - внутренний голос, предупреждающий нас, направляющий и дающий знать о верном или неверном решении и действии. Совесть чиста, когда ты поступаешь верно и знаешь, что это именно так, - тогда на душе будет и уверенность, и спокойствие. Когда совершаешь что-то неправильное, первое, что напомнит тебе об этом и не даст забыть, - это именно твоя совесть, в этом и может состоять причина внутреннего беспокойства и страха, возможно, страха осуждения или того, что кто-то узнает...

Answer 2

The Meaning of Montaigne's Words on Conscience

In the quote you provided, French philosopher Michel de Montaigne, who lived in the 16th century, wrote about conscience, stating that it can fill a person with confidence and inner peace. Let's explore the meaning of his words and discuss the situations in which conscience can fill a person with fear, as well as the reasons behind this fear. We will also examine the circumstances in which conscience provides a person with confidence and inner peace.

Conscience Filling a Person with Fear

There are situations in which conscience can fill a person with fear. Conscience is often associated with a moral compass, guiding individuals to distinguish right from wrong. When a person's actions or decisions go against their moral values, their conscience can be burdened with guilt and remorse, leading to fear and anxiety. This fear arises from the internal conflict between their actions and their moral beliefs.

For example, if someone knowingly engages in dishonest behavior, such as lying or cheating, their conscience may be filled with fear because they are aware that their actions are morally wrong. The fear stems from the anticipation of potential consequences, both internal (such as guilt and self-condemnation) and external (such as punishment or social disapproval).

The fear associated with conscience can also arise in situations where a person is faced with a moral dilemma or a difficult decision. They may fear making the wrong choice and going against their moral principles, which can lead to feelings of anxiety and uncertainty.

The Reasons Behind Fear

The fear experienced when conscience is burdened can be attributed to several factors. One reason is the innate human desire for moral integrity and the need to align one's actions with their values. When there is a disconnect between a person's behavior and their moral beliefs, fear arises as a natural response to this incongruity.

Another reason for the fear associated with conscience is the potential consequences of one's actions. People may fear the negative outcomes that can result from acting against their conscience, such as damaging relationships, losing trust, or facing legal repercussions.

Additionally, societal and cultural influences can contribute to the fear associated with conscience. Social norms and expectations shape individuals' moral compasses, and deviating from these norms can lead to fear of rejection, isolation, or judgment from others.

Conscience Providing Confidence and Inner Peace

On the other hand, there are situations in which conscience can provide a person with confidence and inner peace. When individuals act in accordance with their moral values and principles, their conscience can affirm their actions, leading to a sense of confidence and tranquility.

For example, when someone helps others in need, acts with honesty and integrity, or stands up for what they believe is right, their conscience can provide them with a sense of fulfillment and peace. This is because their actions align with their deeply held values, reinforcing their self-perception as a morally upright individual.

Conscience can also provide confidence and inner peace by serving as a guide in decision-making. When faced with choices, individuals who listen to their conscience and make decisions based on their moral compass can feel a sense of certainty and clarity. This confidence arises from the belief that they are acting in accordance with their deeply held beliefs and values.

In summary, Montaigne's words highlight the role of conscience in shaping human emotions and actions. Conscience can fill a person with fear when their actions go against their moral values, leading to guilt, anxiety, and anticipation of negative consequences. The fear associated with conscience arises from the internal conflict between actions and moral beliefs, as well as the potential external repercussions. Conversely, conscience can provide confidence and inner peace when individuals act in accordance with their moral principles, reinforcing their self-perception as morally upright individuals and guiding them in decision-making.