Question

Какой образ жизни вели сарматы ? почему ?

Answer 1

  Сарматские племена (роксоланы, языги, аланы и др.) доминировали на территории Украины с III в. до н.э. по III в. н.э. Пришли они из южно-уральских  степей, обосновались к северо-востоку от скифов. В середине III века н.э. их смели германские племена (готы). Часть сарматов вошла в состав готской державы Германариха, часть "попросила убежища" у праславян и влилась в состав Черняховской культуры, остальные ушли за Дон. Окончательно смяли сарматов гунны – кого смогли истребили, остальных – ассимилировали.

За 600 лет сарматы довольно внушительно повлияли на мировоззрение народностей в ареале своего обитания. Как – это мы с вами и выясним. 
         Сарматы – "родственники" скифов, антропологический тип и тех, и других, схож.  

Сарматы, как и скифы, представляли собой народ-армию, где всё мужское население являлось военнообязанным. Античные авторы всегда подчёркивали агрессивность сарматов, их воинственность.

Answer 2

Sarmatian Lifestyle

The Sarmatians were an ancient Iranian nomadic people who lived in the Eurasian Steppe from the 5th century BC to the 4th century AD. They were known for their unique way of life and distinctive culture. While there is limited information available about the Sarmatian lifestyle, some aspects can be inferred from historical records and archaeological findings.

1. Social Structure and Warfare: The Sarmatians were organized into tribes and had a hierarchical social structure. They were skilled horsemen and renowned warriors. They engaged in frequent warfare and were known for their cavalry tactics. The Sarmatians were often hired as mercenaries by various empires, including the Roman Empire.

2. Nomadic Lifestyle: Like many other nomadic peoples of the Eurasian Steppe, the Sarmatians led a mobile lifestyle. They relied heavily on herding livestock, particularly horses, cattle, and sheep. Their herds provided them with food, clothing, and other essential resources. The Sarmatians moved their herds across vast grasslands in search of fresh pastures.

3. Material Culture: The Sarmatians were skilled artisans and craftsmen. They produced intricate metalwork, including jewelry, weapons, and decorative objects. Their craftsmanship often incorporated animal motifs and intricate designs. Archaeological excavations have uncovered numerous Sarmatian burial sites containing rich grave goods, indicating their wealth and social status.

4. Gender Roles: Sarmatian society had distinct gender roles. Women played a prominent role in Sarmatian society and were known for their equestrian skills. They participated in warfare alongside men and held positions of authority within their tribes. Sarmatian women were also buried with elaborate grave goods, indicating their high status within the community.

5. Cultural Influences: The Sarmatians had interactions with various neighboring cultures, including the Scythians, Greeks, and Romans. These interactions influenced their material culture, art, and religious practices. The Sarmatians practiced a syncretic religion that combined elements of Iranian, Scythian, and Roman beliefs.

6. Decline and Disappearance: The Sarmatians gradually declined and disappeared from historical records by the 4th century AD. The exact reasons for their decline are not fully understood, but factors such as pressure from other nomadic groups, internal conflicts, and the expansion of sedentary civilizations likely played a role.

In conclusion, the Sarmatians were a nomadic people who led a mobile lifestyle, relied on herding livestock, and were skilled warriors. They had a hierarchical social structure, with women playing prominent roles. Their material culture was characterized by intricate metalwork, and they had interactions with various neighboring cultures. The decline and disappearance of the Sarmatians are attributed to a combination of factors.