Question

СРОЧНООО проаналізуйте підсумки якобінськох диктатури. Виділіть позитивні й негативні наслідки диктатури. чи була необхідна якобінська диктатура? Обгрунтуйте свою відповідь​

Answer 1

Объяснение:Економічна криза, масові безладдя, повстання селян Вандеї, поразка при Неєрвіндені (18 березня 1793) зв'язаного з жирондистами Дюмурьє і його перехід на сторону ворога визначили падіння цієї партії і загибель її вождів.

Економічна криза, масові безладдя, повстання селян Вандеї, поразка при Неєрвіндені (18 березня 1793) зв'язаного з жирондистами Дюмурьє і його перехід на сторону ворога визначили падіння цієї партії і загибель її вождів.Перехід влади до монтаньярів у результаті чергового повстання парижан 31 травня 2 червня 1793 означав політичну перемогу нової буржуазії капіталу, що виник у роки революції за рахунок купівлі-продажу національного майна і інфляції над старим порядком і капіталом, що склався в основному до 1789. Перемозі монтаньярів у національному масштабі передувала їхня перемога над своїми опонентами в Якобінському клубі; тому встановлений ними режим одержав назву Якобінської диктатури.

Answer 2

The Jacobin Dictatorship: Overview and Historical Context

The Jacobin dictatorship refers to the period of radical rule during the French Revolution, specifically from 1793 to 1794. The Jacobins were a political group that emerged during the revolution and played a significant role in shaping its course. Led by Maximilien Robespierre, the Jacobins aimed to establish a democratic republic and implement a series of radical social and political reforms.

During their time in power, the Jacobins implemented a number of policies and measures that had both positive and negative consequences. It is important to analyze these outcomes in order to assess the necessity and impact of the Jacobin dictatorship.

Positive Consequences of the Jacobin Dictatorship

1. Promotion of Republican Values: The Jacobins sought to establish a republican form of government based on the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity. They actively promoted these values and worked towards the abolition of monarchy and aristocracy [[1]]. 2. Social and Political Reforms: The Jacobins implemented a series of reforms aimed at creating a more egalitarian society. These included the abolition of feudalism, the introduction of universal male suffrage, and the establishment of a system of public education [[2]]. 3. Centralization of Power: The Jacobin dictatorship centralized power in the hands of the Committee of Public Safety, which allowed for more efficient decision-making and the implementation of reforms. This centralization helped to consolidate the revolutionary government and maintain stability during a time of internal and external threats [[3]].

Negative Consequences of the Jacobin Dictatorship

1. Reign of Terror: The Jacobin dictatorship was marked by a period known as the Reign of Terror, during which thousands of people were executed or imprisoned on charges of counter-revolutionary activities. This period of intense repression and violence has been widely criticized as a violation of human rights [[4]]. 2. Suppression of Political Opposition: The Jacobins suppressed political opposition and dissent, leading to a climate of fear and censorship. This limited freedom of speech and expression, undermining the democratic ideals they claimed to uphold [[5]]. 3. Economic Instability: The radical policies implemented by the Jacobins, such as price controls and requisitioning of goods, led to economic instability and shortages. This had a negative impact on the livelihoods of many people and contributed to social unrest [[6]].

Was the Jacobin Dictatorship Necessary?

The question of whether the Jacobin dictatorship was necessary is a complex one and subject to debate among historians. Some argue that the radical measures taken by the Jacobins were necessary to defend the revolution against internal and external threats. They argue that the dictatorship allowed for the implementation of crucial reforms and the consolidation of power, which helped to ensure the survival of the revolutionary government [[7]].

On the other hand, critics argue that the Jacobin dictatorship went too far in its repression and violence, undermining the very ideals it claimed to uphold. They argue that alternative paths could have been taken to achieve the goals of the revolution without resorting to such extreme measures [[8]].

In conclusion, the Jacobin dictatorship during the French Revolution had both positive and negative consequences. While it promoted republican values, implemented social and political reforms, and centralized power, it also led to a reign of terror, suppression of political opposition, and economic instability. The question of whether it was necessary is a matter of interpretation and historical analysis.