Question

ПОМОГИТЕ ОТВЕТИТЬ НА ВОПРОСЫ: One of the first things that people associate with Scotland is the kilt. The kilt is only worn by men and it is a relic of the time when the clan system existed in the Scottish Highlands. The clan was like a very large family and everyone had the same family name, like MacDonald or MacGregor (Mac means "son of). The clan had its particular territory and was governed by a chieftain. Each clan had its own tartan, which both men and women wore. The kilt and the tartan are very much connected with Scottish history, which was a long story of struggle for independence. The highlanders from the clans took part in many rebellions against the English rule but they were defeated. The rebels were hunted down and the clan settlements were destroyed. To break up the clans and to make people remember that they were ruled by the English, a law was passed that made it a crime to wear the tartan. The punishment was death. The tartans were no longer woven and in time were forgotten. The ones that people can buy in the shops nowadays are new designs, different from the ones worn by the clans long ago. The old fabrics woven from local sheep's wool disappeared, and the secret of making them is lost. But the machine-made tartans are picturesque and popular. The clans are dangerous no longer. Answer the questions on the text: 1 What was a Scottish clan like? 2 What is a kilt and by whom is it worn? 3 How can you explain the fact that Scottish names begin with Mac? 4 Why were the clan settlements in the Highlands destroyed? 5 Are the present-day tartans exact copies of the Scottish tartans of long ago?

Answer 1

1. This clan system existed in the Scottish Highlands and it was like a very large family and everyone had the same family name like McDonald. The had its particular territory and was governed by a chieftain. Each clan had its own Tartan.

2.A kilt is a skirt which was worn only by men.

3. As we know,a clan lived like a very large family and that's why everyone had the same family name.

4. The Highlanders from the clans took part in the war against the English for their independence.They were defeated,and the clans were destroyed.

5.No,they aren't.The ones that people buy in the shops nowadays are new design, different from the ones worn by the clans long ago

Answer 2

1. A Scottish clan was like a very large family where everyone shared the same family name, such as MacDonald or MacGregor. It operated as a close-knit community with its own territory and was governed by a chieftain.

2. A kilt is a traditional Scottish garment that is worn by men. It is a knee-length skirt-like garment made from tartan fabric, typically made of wool.

3. Scottish names often begin with "Mac," which means "son of" in Gaelic. It indicates the person's lineage or descent from a particular male ancestor. For example, MacLeod means "son of Leod."

4. The clan settlements in the Scottish Highlands were destroyed as a result of the English efforts to break up the clans and assert control over Scotland. The highlanders from the clans had taken part in numerous rebellions against English rule, and as a means of punishment and suppression, the English hunted down the rebels and destroyed their settlements.

5. No, the present-day tartans are not exact copies of the Scottish tartans from long ago. The original tartans, woven from local sheep's wool, were no longer produced after a law was passed making it a crime to wear tartan. Over time, the knowledge and techniques for making the old tartans were lost. The tartans available in shops nowadays are new designs, different from the historical clan tartans. They are often machine-made and have become popular as picturesque representations of Scottish heritage.