Question

Если спрос предъявляет домохозяйство с функцией спроса Qd=60-0,5Q, а предложение определяется фирмой функция предложения которой Qs=1,5Q-20 то величина товарного избытка при директивном установлении государством цены на уровне 25д.ед, составит___едениц

Answer 1

60-0,5Q= 1,5Q-20
2Q= 80
Q=40 это равновесный объем
если цена 25, то
спрос = 60-0,5х25 = 47,5
предложение = 1,5х25-20 = 17,5
избытка не будет, будет дефицит в размере 47,5-17,5 = 30 

Answer 2

Calculation of Excess Supply

To calculate the magnitude of the excess supply, we need to compare the quantity demanded (Qd) and the quantity supplied (Qs) at the given price level.

The demand function is given as: Qd = 60 - 0.5Q.

The supply function is given as: Qs = 1.5Q - 20.

To find the equilibrium quantity and price, we need to set Qd equal to Qs:

60 - 0.5Q = 1.5Q - 20

Simplifying the equation, we get:

2Q = 80

Q = 40

Substituting the value of Q back into either the demand or supply function, we can find the equilibrium price:

Qs = 1.5(40) - 20 = 60 - 20 = 40

Therefore, at the equilibrium price of 40 units, the quantity demanded and supplied are both 40 units.

Now, let's consider the case where the government sets the price at 25 units. This is a directive price imposed by the government.

If the price is set at 25 units, we can substitute this value into the demand and supply functions to find the quantity demanded and supplied:

Qd = 60 - 0.5(25) = 60 - 12.5 = 47.5

Qs = 1.5(25) - 20 = 37.5

At the price of 25 units, the quantity demanded is 47.5 units, and the quantity supplied is 37.5 units.

To calculate the magnitude of the excess supply, we subtract the quantity supplied from the quantity demanded:

Excess Supply = Qd - Qs = 47.5 - 37.5 = 10 units.

Therefore, the magnitude of the excess supply when the government sets the price at 25 units is 10 units.