Question

Составить уравнение реакции при помощи которых можно осуществить следующие превращения:а) CH4 -> C2H4 -> C2H6 -> CO2б) C2H6 -> CH3CH2Cl -> CH2 = CH2 -> C2H5OH

Answer 1

           
А)          t,Kt
2СH₄ ------------> C₂H₄ + 2H₂ (этен и водород)
                Ni,t
C₂H₄ + H₂ ----------> C₂H₆ (этан)
2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ ----> 4CO₂ + 6H₂O (углекислый газ и вода)
б)
C₂H₆ + Cl₂ ---> CH₃-CH₂Cl + HCl (хлорэтан и хлороводород)
CH₃-CH₂Cl --------------> CH₂=CH₂ + HCl (этен и хлороводород)
                           t,Kt
CH₂=CH₂ + H₂O ----------> CH₃-CH₂OH (этанол)

Answer 2

I can help you with this question. Here are the equations of the reactions that can be used to perform the following transformations:

a) CH4 -> C2H4 -> C2H6 -> CO2

- CH4 -> C2H4: This is a dehydrogenation reaction, where methane loses hydrogen atoms and forms ethene. The reaction requires a high temperature and a catalyst, such as platinum or nickel. The equation is:

$$CH4 + Pt \xrightarrow{1500K} C2H4 + 2H2$$

- C2H4 -> C2H6: This is a hydrogenation reaction, where ethene gains hydrogen atoms and forms ethane. The reaction requires a catalyst, such as platinum or palladium. The equation is:

$$C2H4 + H2 \xrightarrow{Pt} C2H6$$

- C2H6 -> CO2: This is a combustion reaction, where ethane reacts with oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water. The reaction is exothermic and requires a spark or flame to initiate. The equation is:

$$2C2H6 + 7O2 \xrightarrow{\Delta} 4CO2 + 6H2O + heat$$

b) C2H6 -> CH3CH2Cl -> CH2= CH2 -> C2H5OH

- C2H6 -> CH3CH2Cl: This is a substitution reaction, where ethane reacts with chlorine and replaces one hydrogen atom with a chlorine atom, forming ethyl chloride. The reaction requires UV light or heat to initiate. The equation is:

$$C2H6 + Cl2 \xrightarrow{UV} CH3CH2Cl + HCl$$

- CH3CH2Cl -> CH2= CH2: This is a dehydrohalogenation reaction, where ethyl chloride loses a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom and forms ethene. The reaction requires a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. The equation is:

$$CH3CH2Cl + KOH \xrightarrow{heat} CH2=CH2 + KCl + H2O$$

- CH2= CH2 -> C2H5OH: This is a hydration reaction, where ethene reacts with water and forms ethanol. The reaction requires an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid. The equation is:

$$CH2=CH2 + H2O \xrightarrow{H2SO4} C2H5OH$$

I hope this helps you understand the reactions better.