Question

Напишите уравнения реакций1.толуол+(cl2/hv) - x1+(NaOH/H2O) - x2+(KMnO4/H2SO4.t) - C6H5COOH+(Na) - x3+(NaOH.t) -x4.2.ацетат калия+(КОН,t) - x1-C2Н2+(С акт,t) - x2- толуол - бензоат калия.3.С3Н8 - С3Н6+(Br2) - x1 - CH3C тройная связь СН +(Н2О,Hg 2+) - x2 - CH3CH(OH)CH3.4.C2H2+(H2O/Hg2+) - x1+(KMnO4/H2SO4.t)-x2+(Cl2.hv)-x3+(NH3) - x4-N2

Answer 1

Цепочка 1. Согласно условиям:
1) C6H5-CH3 + Cl2 ---> C6H5-CH2Cl + HCl;
2) C6H5-CH2Cl + NaOH ---> C6H5-CH2(OH) + NaCl;
3) 5C6H5-CH2(OH) + 4KMnO4 + 6H2SO4 --->  5C6H5-COOH + 2K2SO4 + 4MnSO4 + 11H2O  
4) 2C6H5-COOH + 2Na ---> 2C6H5-COONa + H2O;
5) C6H5-COONa + NaOH ---> C6H6 + Na2CO3;
 Цепочка 2. Согласно условиям:
1) CH3COOK + KOH ---> CH4 + K2CO3;
2) 2CH4 ---> C2H2 + 3H2;
3) 3C2H2 ---> C6H6;
4) C6H6 + CH3Cl ---> C6H5-CH3 + HCl;
5) C6H5-CH3 + 2KMnO4 ---> C6H5-COOK + 2MnO2 + KOH + H2O.
Цепочка 3. Согласно условиям:
1) C3H8 ---> C3H6 + H2;
2) C3H6 + Br2 ---> C3H5Br + HBr
3) C3H5Br + 2KOH ---> CH3C≡CH + 2KBr + 2H2O;
4) CH3C≡CH + H2O ---> CH3-C(O)-CH3;
5) CH3-C(O)-CH3 + H2 ---> CH3-CH(OH)-CH3.
Цепочка 4. Согласно условиям:
1) C2H2 + H2O ---> CH3-C(O)H;
2) 5CH3-C(O)H + 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 ---> 5CH3-COOH + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 3H2O;
3) CH3-COOH + Cl2 ---> CH2(Cl)-COOH + HCl;
4) CH2(Cl)-COOH + 2NH3 ---> CH2(NH2)-COOH + NH4Cl;
5) 4CH2(NH2)-COOH + 9O2 ---> 8CO2 + 2N2 + 10H2O.

Answer 2

Chemical Equations

1. The reaction equations are as follows: - Toluene (C7H8) + Cl2/hv → X1 + NaOH/H2O → X2 + KMnO4/H2SO4, t → C6H5COOH + Na → X3 + NaOH, t → X4 - Toluene (C7H8) reacts with chlorine in the presence of light to form a mixture of chlorinated products. This can be further reacted with sodium hydroxide and water to form a mixture of products. The resulting mixture can then be reacted with potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid to form benzoic acid. Finally, benzoic acid can be reacted with sodium and then with sodium hydroxide to form the final product. - Source:

2. Potassium acetate (CH3COOK, t) + X1 - C2H2 (C2H2, t) + X2 - Toluene → Potassium benzoate - Potassium acetate reacts with a certain compound to form acetylene, which then reacts with toluene to form potassium benzoate. - Source: 3. C3H8 + C3H6 (Br2) → X1 → CH3C≡CH + (H2O, Hg2+) → X2 → CH3CH(OH)CH3 - Propane reacts with 1,3-butadiene in the presence of bromine to form a product, which then reacts with mercury(II) oxide and water to form 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol. - Source: 4. C2H2 + H2O/Hg2+ → X1 + KMnO4/H2SO4, t → X2 + Cl2, hv → X3 + NH3 → X4 → N2 - Acetylene reacts with water in the presence of mercury(II) ions to form a certain product, which can then be further reacted with potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid. The resulting mixture can then be reacted with chlorine in the presence of light to form a certain product, which can then react with ammonia to form another product, and finally, the end product is nitrogen gas. - Source: