Question

Вам выданы три пробирки с растворами. Определить, в какой из них серная кислота, соляная кислота и гидроксид натрия

Answer 1

во все капнуть фенолфталеина - где гидроксид - окраска малиновая, в остальных не изменится.

затем добавить в оставшиеся хлориб бария - где выпал осадок там серная кислота. в оставшейся - соляная

Answer 2

соляная кислота

НCL+ АgNO3=АgCL+HNO3-КАЧЕСТВЕННАЯ РЕАКЦИЯ.(в молярном виде)(выпадает белый творожистый осадок АgCL)

ионное уравнение Н+CL+Аg+NO3=АgCL+H+NO3

краткое ионное уравнение CL+Аg=АgCL

 

серная кислота

H2SO4+BaCl2=BaSO4+2HCl качественная реакция(в молярном виде) ( выпадает осадок BaSO4)

ионное уравнение 2H + SO4 + Ba+ 2Cl = BaSO4 + 2H+2Cl

краткое ионное уравнение SO4 + Ba = BaSO4

 

гидроксид натрия

качественная реакция (в молярном виде)ZnCl2 +2NaOH= Zn(OH)2+ 2NaCl ( Zn(OH)2выпадает в осадок)

ионное уравнение Zn+ 2 Cl + 2Na + 2OH = Zn(OH)2+ 2 Na + 2Cl

краткое ионное уравнение Zn + 2OH = Zn(OH)2

Answer 3

Identifying the Solutions in the Test Tubes

To identify the solutions in the given test tubes, we can use the properties of the substances and perform some simple tests. Here's how we can determine which test tube contains sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide:

1. Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4): - Sulfuric acid is a strong acid and reacts with metals to produce hydrogen gas. - It also reacts with bases to form salts and water.

2. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): - Hydrochloric acid is also a strong acid and reacts with metals to produce hydrogen gas. - It reacts with bases to form salts and water.

3. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): - Sodium hydroxide is a strong base and reacts with acids to form salts and water. - It also reacts with ammonium salts to produce ammonia gas.

Test Tube Analysis

Based on the properties of the substances, we can perform the following tests to identify the solutions in the test tubes:

1. Reaction with Metals: - Add a small piece of a reactive metal, such as zinc or magnesium, to each test tube and observe if there is any gas evolution. Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid will produce hydrogen gas, while sodium hydroxide will not react with the metal.

2. Reaction with Indicator: - Add a few drops of universal indicator to each test tube and observe the color change. Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid will turn the indicator to a specific color, while sodium hydroxide will produce a different color change.

3. Reaction with Ammonium Salt: - Add a small amount of ammonium chloride to each test tube and observe if there is any gas evolution. Sodium hydroxide will produce ammonia gas in this reaction.

By performing these tests, we can determine the contents of each test tube.

Conclusion

After conducting the tests, we can confidently identify which test tube contains sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide based on the observed reactions and color changes.