Question

Как составить электронную формулу хим. элемента

Answer 1

Надо для начала взять раскрашенную Периодическую систему. Например, в той что у меня, s-элементы отмечены розовым цветом, р = желтым, а d- синим.
Возьмем, например, титан. Его № 22
первой цифрой обозначаем номер периода, верхним индексом - число электронов
Начинаем с 1-го периода. в нем всего два розовых элемента,
пишем 1s^2
дальше пошли элементы второго периода: розовых два - пишем 2s^2 , а желтых во втором периоде 6 - 2р^6
переходим в третий период: здесь тоже два розовых и 6 желтых : 3s^2 3р^6
дальше идут два розовых элемента 4-го периода - 4s^2
затем идут синие - d-элементы, но они идут сбоку(побочная подгруппа) . Поэтому мы смещаем их на один уровень вниз, они будут 3d. титан - второй по счету синий элемент,, получается 3d^2
итого, получаем электронную формулу титана:
1s^2 2s^2 2р^6 3s^2 3р^6 4s^2 3d^2

Answer 2

How to Write the Electron Configuration of an Element

The electron configuration of an element describes the arrangement of electrons in its atomic orbitals. It provides information about the distribution of electrons in different energy levels and sublevels. To write the electron configuration of an element, you can follow these steps:

1. Determine the atomic number of the element. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom and is unique to each element.

2. Identify the electron configuration pattern. The electron configuration pattern follows a specific order based on the filling of atomic orbitals. The pattern is as follows: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s.

3. Fill the orbitals with electrons. Start by filling the 1s orbital with a maximum of 2 electrons. Then, move on to the 2s orbital and fill it with a maximum of 2 electrons. Continue this process, following the electron configuration pattern, until you have filled all the electrons for the element.

4. Use the noble gas notation (optional). To simplify the electron configuration, you can use the noble gas notation. This involves representing the electron configuration of the element using the symbol of the noble gas that comes before it in the periodic table, followed by the configuration of the remaining electrons. For example, the electron configuration of oxygen (O) can be written as [He] 2s^2 2p^4, where [He] represents the electron configuration of helium.

It's important to note that the electron configuration of an element can be determined using the periodic table and the knowledge of the filling order of atomic orbitals. The electron configuration provides valuable information about the chemical behavior and properties of elements.

Example: Let's take the element oxygen (O) as an example to demonstrate how to write its electron configuration.

1. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it has 8 protons and 8 electrons.

2. Following the electron configuration pattern, we start by filling the 1s orbital with 2 electrons, then move on to the 2s orbital and fill it with 2 electrons. The remaining 4 electrons are placed in the 2p orbital.

3. Therefore, the electron configuration of oxygen is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4.

4. Using the noble gas notation, we can represent the electron configuration of oxygen as [He] 2s^2 2p^4.

Please note that the electron configuration of elements can vary, and it's important to consult reliable sources or references for accurate and up-to-date information on specific elements.