Question

Определите строение третичного алканола, при дегидратации 64,8 см3 (р=0,8 г/см3) которого получили 39,2 г алкена.

Answer 1

CnH₂n+₁OH=CnH₂n+H₂O
n(CnH₂n)=39.2/14n
n(CnH₂n+1OH)=64.8*0.8/(14n+18)=51.84/(14n+18)
n(CnH₂n)=n(CnH₂n+1OH)=>39.2/14n=51.84/(14n+18)=>39.2*(14n+18)=14n*51.84=> 548.8n+705.6=725.76n=>176.96n=705.6=>n=4=>CnH₂n+₁OH=C₄H₉OH

Answer 2

Structure of the Tertiary Alkanol and Dehydration

The structure of a tertiary alkanol can be determined by the given information about its volume and density, as well as the amount of alkene obtained from its dehydration.

Given: - Volume of alkanol = 64.8 cm^3 - Density of alkanol = 0.8 g/cm^3 - Amount of alkene obtained = 39.2 g

To determine the structure of the tertiary alkanol, we can start by calculating its mass using the given volume and density: Mass of alkanol = Volume × Density = 64.8 cm^3 × 0.8 g/cm^3 = 51.84 g.

Now, we know that the amount of alkene obtained from the dehydration of the alkanol is 39.2 g. This information can help us determine the structure of the alkanol.

During the dehydration of an alkanol, water (H2O) is removed from the alkanol molecule to form an alkene. The general chemical equation for the dehydration of an alkanol is: Alkanol → Alkene + H2O

The molar mass of water (H2O) is 18 g/mol, and the molar mass of the alkene can be calculated based on the given amount of alkene obtained.

Using the given information, we can calculate the number of moles of water produced during the dehydration: Moles of water = Mass of alkene / Molar mass of water = 39.2 g / 18 g/mol ≈ 2.18 moles.

Now, we can use this information to determine the number of moles of the alkanol that underwent dehydration and the corresponding alkene produced.

The balanced chemical equation for the dehydration of a tertiary alkanol can help us determine the structure of the alkanol and the alkene produced.

I will now calculate the moles of the alkanol and the alkene produced to determine their structures.