Question

Вычислите массу и количество вещества фосфата натрия образовавшегося при взаимодействии 300 гр фосфорной кислоты с 200 гр гидроксида натрия помогите плиз

Answer 1

H3PO4+3NaOH=Na3PO4+3H2O
1. Найдем кол-во молей H3PO4
n=m/M
M(H3PO4)=98г/моль
n=300г / 98г/моль=3.06 моль
2. Найдем кол-во молей NaOH
M(NaOH)=40г/моль
n=200г / 40г/моль=5 моль
3.На 3.06 молей фосфорной кислоты необходимо 6.12 молей гидроксида натрия, но у нас 5 моль, значит фосфорная кислота в избытке, расчет будем вести по гидроксиду натрия
4. Отношение NaOH к Na3PO4 равняется 3:1
Нам нужно 5/3 молей Na3PO4 
5/3~1.7 моль
5.Находим массу Na3PO4
m=nM
M(Na3PO4)=164г/моль
m=1.7 моль х 164г/моль=278.8г
Ответ:278.8 грамм

Answer 2

Calculation of the Mass and Amount of Sodium Phosphate Formed

To calculate the mass and amount of sodium phosphate formed during the reaction between 300 grams of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and 200 grams of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), we need to determine the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide is as follows:

3H3PO4 + 6NaOH -> Na3PO4 + 6H2O

From the balanced equation, we can see that 3 moles of phosphoric acid react with 6 moles of sodium hydroxide to produce 1 mole of sodium phosphate and 6 moles of water.

To calculate the amount of sodium phosphate formed, we need to convert the given masses of phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide into moles using their respective molar masses.

The molar mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is calculated as follows: (3 * atomic mass of hydrogen) + (1 * atomic mass of phosphorus) + (4 * atomic mass of oxygen)

The molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is calculated as follows: (1 * atomic mass of sodium) + (1 * atomic mass of oxygen) + (1 * atomic mass of hydrogen)

The molar mass of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) is calculated as follows: (3 * atomic mass of sodium) + (1 * atomic mass of phosphorus) + (4 * atomic mass of oxygen)

Using the molar masses, we can calculate the moles of phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide:

Moles of phosphoric acid = mass of phosphoric acid / molar mass of phosphoric acid Moles of sodium hydroxide = mass of sodium hydroxide / molar mass of sodium hydroxide

Next, we compare the coefficients in the balanced equation to determine the ratio of moles between phosphoric acid and sodium phosphate. From the balanced equation, we can see that 3 moles of phosphoric acid react to produce 1 mole of sodium phosphate.

Finally, we can calculate the moles of sodium phosphate formed:

Moles of sodium phosphate = Moles of phosphoric acid * (1 mole of sodium phosphate / 3 moles of phosphoric acid)

To calculate the mass of sodium phosphate formed, we multiply the moles of sodium phosphate by its molar mass:

Mass of sodium phosphate = Moles of sodium phosphate * molar mass of sodium phosphate

Let's perform the calculations:

Given: Mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) = 300 grams Mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 200 grams

Molar mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) = 3 * (atomic mass of hydrogen) + atomic mass of phosphorus + 4 * (atomic mass of oxygen) Molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = atomic mass of sodium + atomic mass of oxygen + atomic mass of hydrogen Molar mass of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) = 3 * (atomic mass of sodium) + atomic mass of phosphorus + 4 * (atomic mass of oxygen)

Moles of phosphoric acid = Mass of phosphoric acid / Molar mass of phosphoric acid Moles of sodium hydroxide = Mass of sodium hydroxide / Molar mass of sodium hydroxide

Moles of sodium phosphate = Moles of phosphoric acid * (1 mole of sodium phosphate / 3 moles of phosphoric acid)

Mass of sodium phosphate = Moles of sodium phosphate * Molar mass of sodium phosphate

Let's calculate the values:

Molar mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) = (3 * atomic mass of hydrogen) + atomic mass of phosphorus + (4 * atomic mass of oxygen) = (3 * 1.008) + 30.974 + (4 * 16.00) = 98.00 g/mol

Molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = atomic mass of sodium + atomic mass of oxygen + atomic mass of hydrogen = 22.99 + 16.00 + 1.008 = 39.998 g/mol

Molar mass of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) = (3 * atomic mass of sodium) + atomic mass of phosphorus + (4 * atomic mass of oxygen) = (3 * 22.99) + 30.974 + (4 * 16.00) = 163.94 g/mol

Moles of phosphoric acid = Mass of phosphoric acid / Molar mass of phosphoric acid = 300 g / 98.00 g/mol = 3.06 mol

Moles of sodium hydroxide = Mass of sodium hydroxide / Molar mass of sodium hydroxide = 200 g / 39.998 g/mol = 5.00 mol

Moles of sodium phosphate = Moles of phosphoric acid * (1 mole of sodium phosphate / 3 moles of phosphoric acid) = 3.06 mol * (1 mol / 3 mol) = 1.02 mol

Mass of sodium phosphate = Moles of sodium phosphate * Molar mass of sodium phosphate = 1.02 mol * 163.94 g/mol = 167.03 g

Therefore, the mass of sodium phosphate formed during the reaction is 167.03 grams, and the amount of sodium phosphate formed is 1.02 moles.