Question

Определить степени окисления всех элементов, входящих в состав следующий веществ :FeCI3, MnO2, Cu(OH)2, CIO7, HNO2,Br2, Zn(OH)2

Answer 1

2-О2 (0)
1)Fe+3 Cl-1 
3)p+5o-2
4)h-1 (so3)-2
5)al+3 o-2 
6)na+1 (OH)-1
7)k+1 (so4)-2
8)mg+1 o-1
9)Zn+2 (OH)-

Answer 2

Determining Oxidation States of Elements in Compounds

To determine the oxidation states of the elements in the given compounds, we can follow the general rules for assigning oxidation states:

1. The oxidation state of an element in its elemental form is 0. 2. In a compound or ion, the sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms equals the charge of the compound or ion. 3. The oxidation state of oxygen is usually -2, except in peroxides where it is -1. 4. The oxidation state of hydrogen is usually +1, except in metal hydrides where it is -1. 5. The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in a neutral compound is 0, and in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion.

Let's determine the oxidation states of the elements in the given compounds:

1. FeCl3: - The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in FeCl3 equals 0 because it is a neutral compound. - Let's assume the oxidation state of Fe is x. - The oxidation state of Cl is -1. - Using the rules, we can calculate the oxidation state of Fe. - The oxidation state of Fe in FeCl3 is +3 [[1]].

2. MnO2: - The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in MnO2 equals 0 because it is a neutral compound. - Let's assume the oxidation state of Mn is x. - The oxidation state of O is -2. - Using the rules, we can calculate the oxidation state of Mn. - The oxidation state of Mn in MnO2 is +4 [[2]].

3. Cu(OH)2: - The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in Cu(OH)2 equals 0 because it is a neutral compound. - Let's assume the oxidation state of Cu is x. - The oxidation state of O is -2, and the oxidation state of H is +1. - Using the rules, we can calculate the oxidation state of Cu. - The oxidation state of Cu in Cu(OH)2 is +2 [[3]].

4. ClO7: - The oxidation state of O is usually -2, except in peroxides where it is -1. - Since the compound is not specified, it's unclear which element ClO7 refers to. It's possible that there may be a typo in the compound name.

5. HNO2: - The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in HNO2 equals 0 because it is a neutral compound. - Let's assume the oxidation state of N is x. - The oxidation state of H is +1, and the oxidation state of O is -2. - Using the rules, we can calculate the oxidation state of N. - The oxidation state of N in HNO2 is +3 [[4]].

6. Br2: - The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in Br2 equals 0 because it is a neutral compound. - The oxidation state of Br in Br2 is 0, as the oxidation state of an element in its elemental form is 0.

7. Zn(OH)2: - The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in Zn(OH)2 equals 0 because it is a neutral compound. - Let's assume the oxidation state of Zn is x. - The oxidation state of O is -2, and the oxidation state of H is +1. - Using the rules, we can calculate the oxidation state of Zn. - The oxidation state of Zn in Zn(OH)2 is +2 [[5]].

Summary of Oxidation States:

- FeCl3: Fe: +3 - MnO2: Mn: +4 - Cu(OH)2: Cu: +2 - ClO7: Not specified - HNO2: N: +3 - Br2: Br: 0 - Zn(OH)2: Zn: +2