Question

Химики, помогайте!1.Напишите уравнения электролитической диссоциации для следующих веществ: H 2S , NaOH .K2SO4 2.Осуществите следующее превращение: P -----P 2O5 -----H 3PO4 -----K 3PO4 Уравнения запишите в молекулярном, полном и сокращенном ионном виде. 3.Подберите такие вещества взаимодействие между которыми выражалось сокращенным ионным уравнением типа: 3Ba + 2PO4 -----Ba 3(PO 4)2 б/ Zn + CO3 -----ZnCO3 4.Какой объем водорода выделится при взаимодействии 40г цинка, содержащего 5% примесей с серной кислотой?

Answer 1

1

H2S --> 2H(+) + S(2-)

NaOH --> Na(+) + OH(-)

K2SO4 --> 2K(+) + SO4(2-)

 

2

4P + 5O2 --> 2P2O5

P2O5 + 3H2O --> 2H3PO4

2H3PO4 + 6K --> 2K3PO4 + 3H2

 

3

а) 3BaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 --> 6NaCl + Ba3(PO4)2

3Ba(2+) + 6Cl(-) + 6Na(+) + 2PO4(3-) --> 6Na(+) + 6Cl(-) + Ba3(PO4)2

3Ba(2+) + 2PO4(3-) --> Ba3(PO4)2

 

4

m(примесей)=ω*40=0,05*40=2 грамма

m(Zn)=40-2=38 грамм

n(Zn)=38/65≈0,6 моль

Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2

n(H2)≈0,6моль

V(H2)=0,6*22,4≈13,44 литров

Answer 2

Electrolytic Dissociation Equations:

1. The electrolytic dissociation equations for the given substances are as follows: - H2S: - Molecular Equation: H2S(l) → 2H+(aq) + S2-(aq) - Complete Ionic Equation: 2H2S(l) → 4H+(aq) + 2S2-(aq) - Net Ionic Equation: 2H+(aq) + 2S2-(aq) → 2H2S(l) - NaOH: - Molecular Equation: NaOH(s) → Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) - Complete Ionic Equation: NaOH(s) → Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) - Net Ionic Equation: No net ionic equation as there are no spectator ions.

Transformation of Phosphorus:

The transformation of phosphorus can be represented by the following equations: 1. P → P2O5 - Molecular Equation: P(s) + O2(g) → P2O5(s) - Complete Ionic Equation: No ionic equation as there are no ions involved. - Net Ionic Equation: No net ionic equation as there are no ions involved. 2. P2O5 → H3PO4 - Molecular Equation: P2O5(s) + 3H2O(l) → 2H3PO4(aq) - Complete Ionic Equation: No ionic equation as there are no ions involved. - Net Ionic Equation: No net ionic equation as there are no ions involved. 3. H3PO4 → K3PO4 - Molecular Equation: 3H3PO4(aq) + 3KOH(aq) → K3PO4(aq) + 3H2O(l) - Complete Ionic Equation: 3H+(aq) + 3PO4^3-(aq) + 3K+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) → 3K+(aq) + 3PO4^3-(aq) + 3H2O(l) - Net Ionic Equation: 3H+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) → 3H2O(l)

Interaction between Substances:

1. The interaction between Ba^2+ and PO4^3- ions can be represented by the following net ionic equation: - 3Ba^2+(aq) + 2PO4^3-(aq) → Ba3(PO4)2(s)

2. The interaction between Zn^2+ and CO3^2- ions can be represented by the following net ionic equation: - Zn^2+(aq) + CO3^2-(aq) → ZnCO3(s)

Volume of Hydrogen Gas Produced:

To calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced when 40g of zinc (containing 5% impurities) reacts with sulfuric acid, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and sulfuric acid. The balanced equation is as follows: - Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of zinc reacts with 1 mole of sulfuric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas. The molar mass of zinc is 65.38 g/mol, and the molar mass of sulfuric acid is 98.09 g/mol.

1. Calculate the moles of zinc: - Moles of zinc = mass of zinc / molar mass of zinc - Moles of zinc = 40g / 65.38 g/mol

2. Calculate the moles of sulfuric acid: - Moles of sulfuric acid = moles of zinc

3. Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas using the ideal gas law: - Volume of hydrogen gas = moles of hydrogen gas * molar volume of gas at STP - Molar volume of gas at STP = 22.4 L/mol

Note: The percentage of impurities in the zinc does not affect the stoichiometry of the reaction, as the impurities do not participate in the reaction.

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