Question

10 класс. Назовите вещество, напишите структурные формулы 1 гомолога и 1 изомера и назовите получившиеся вещества. СН3 – СН – СН – СН2 – CH3 | | СН3 СН3

Answer 1

2,3-диметилпентан
изомер и гомолог в фото

Answer 2

Organic Chemistry: Homologues and Isomers

In organic chemistry, homologues are a series of compounds that have the same functional group but differ in the number of carbon atoms. Isomers, on the other hand, are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.

For the given structure CH3 – CH – CH – CH2 – CH3 | | CH3 CH3, let's identify the homologue and an isomer and provide their structural formulas and names.

The given structure has six carbon atoms and is an example of a hexane. Hexane is an alkane with the molecular formula C6H14.

Homologue: Heptane (C7H16)

A homologue of hexane is heptane, which has seven carbon atoms. The structural formula for heptane is CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3. Heptane is also an alkane and is commonly used as a solvent.

Isomer: 2-Methylpentane (C6H14)

An isomer of hexane is 2-methylpentane. It has the same molecular formula as hexane but a different structural arrangement. The structural formula for 2-methylpentane is CH3 – CH(CH3) – CH2 – CH2 – CH3. 2-Methylpentane is also an alkane and is commonly used as a reference compound in gas chromatography.

To summarize: - The given structure is hexane (C6H14). - The homologue is heptane (C7H16), with the structural formula CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3. - The isomer is 2-methylpentane (C6H14), with the structural formula CH3 – CH(CH3) – CH2 – CH2 – CH3.

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