Question

Доброго времени суток! Пожалуйста помогите решить задачи по химии. 1. Рассчитать массу фосфорной кислоты, которую можно получить из 80г фосфата кальция, при его взаимодействии с концентрированной серной кислотой. Массовая доля выхода кислоты составляет 0,96%. 2. Вычислить массу фосфора, необходимую для получения 200кг фосфорной кислоты, если массовая доля выхода кислоты составляет 90% от теоретического.

Answer 1

1. Как у Вас принято решать задачи: через количество вещества или через массы реагирующих веществ?

Answer 2

Task 1: Calculating the mass of phosphoric acid

To calculate the mass of phosphoric acid that can be obtained from 80g of calcium phosphate, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium phosphate and sulfuric acid.

The balanced equation is as follows: Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2SO4 → 2H3PO4 + 3CaSO4

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) reacts with 3 moles of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce 2 moles of phosphoric acid (H3PO4).

To find the molar mass of calcium phosphate, we can add up the atomic masses of its constituent elements: Ca: 40.08 g/mol P: 30.97 g/mol O: 16.00 g/mol

Molar mass of calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) = (3 * 40.08) + (2 * 30.97) + (8 * 16.00) = 310.18 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the number of moles of calcium phosphate in 80g using the formula: Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

Number of moles of calcium phosphate = 80g / 310.18 g/mol = 0.258 moles

Since the molar ratio between calcium phosphate and phosphoric acid is 1:2, we can calculate the number of moles of phosphoric acid produced: Number of moles of phosphoric acid = 2 * Number of moles of calcium phosphate = 2 * 0.258 moles = 0.516 moles

To find the mass of phosphoric acid, we can use the formula: Mass = Number of moles * Molar mass

Mass of phosphoric acid = 0.516 moles * 98.00 g/mol (molar mass of H3PO4) = 50.568 g

Therefore, the mass of phosphoric acid that can be obtained from 80g of calcium phosphate is approximately 50.568 grams.

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