Question

Как можно получить метональ из: Метана Метанола Хлорметана Как можно получить ацетальдегид из: Ацетилена Этилена Этанола

Answer 1

CH4+O2---500C кат.--->HCOOH+H2O
         метан                                метональ
CH3OH + O2---Cu,Ag--->2HCOOH+2H2O
            метанол                             метональ 

Answer 2

Obtaining Methanol from Methane, Methanol, and Chloromethane

To obtain methanol from methane, several methods can be used. One common method involves the conversion of methane to methanol using a two-step process. The first step involves the conversion of methane to synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the second step involves the catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to methanol.

Another method involves the direct oxidation of methane to methanol using a catalyst. This process is known as the "direct oxidation of methane to methanol" (DOMM) and typically involves the use of a catalyst such as FeCl3. The reaction proceeds in two steps: the first step involves the formation of methyl bisulfate, and the second step involves the hydrolysis of methyl bisulfate to produce methanol.

Additionally, methanol can be obtained from chloromethane through a process known as hydrolysis. In this process, chloromethane is reacted with water to produce methanol and hydrochloric acid.

Obtaining Acetaldehyde from Acetylene, Ethylene, and Ethanol

To obtain acetaldehyde from acetylene, a common method involves the hydration of acetylene. This process typically involves the addition of water to acetylene in the presence of a catalyst, such as mercuric sulfate, to produce acetaldehyde.

For the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene, a common method involves the Wacker process. In this process, ethylene is oxidized with a palladium(II) chloride catalyst to produce acetaldehyde.

Furthermore, acetaldehyde can be obtained from ethanol through the dehydrogenation of ethanol. This process typically involves the use of a catalyst, such as copper, at elevated temperatures to convert ethanol to acetaldehyde.

In summary, methanol can be obtained from methane through processes such as the conversion of methane to synthesis gas and the direct oxidation of methane to methanol. Chloromethane can be hydrolyzed to produce methanol. Acetaldehyde can be obtained from acetylene through hydration, from ethylene through the Wacker process, and from ethanol through dehydrogenation.

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