Question

Составь последовательность реакций для следующих превращений: a) этанол → этан-1,2-диол; б) бутан-2-ол → бутан-2,3-диол.

Answer 1

А) CH3-OH(под действием H2SO4)=>CH2=CH2 +H2O
3CH2=CH2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O => 3CH2-OH-CH2-OH + 2MnO2 + 2KOH

б) CH3-CH2-CH-OH-CH3=> CH3-CH=CH-CH3 +H2O
3CH3-CH=CH-CH3 + 4KMnO4 + 2H2O => 6CH3-CH-OH-CH-OH-CH3 + 4MnO2 + 4KOH 

если что-то не понятно, спрашивай,помогу))
отметь пж как лучший)

Answer 2

Transformation Sequence for Ethanol to Ethane-1,2-diol:

To convert ethanol to ethane-1,2-diol, the following transformation sequence can be followed:

1. Oxidation of Ethanol to Ethanal (Acetaldehyde): - Ethanol can be oxidized to ethanal using an oxidizing agent such as potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

2. Further Oxidation of Ethanal to Ethanoic Acid: - Ethanal can be further oxidized to ethanoic acid using a mild oxidizing agent like Tollens' reagent (ammoniacal silver nitrate) or Fehling's solution.

3. Reduction of Ethanoic Acid to Ethane-1,2-diol: - Ethanoic acid can be reduced to ethane-1,2-diol using a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) or sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in the presence of a catalyst like concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

Transformation Sequence for Butan-2-ol to Butan-2,3-diol:

To convert butan-2-ol to butan-2,3-diol, the following transformation sequence can be followed:

1. Oxidation of Butan-2-ol to Butan-2-one (Methyl Ethyl Ketone): - Butan-2-ol can be oxidized to butan-2-one using an oxidizing agent such as chromic acid (H2CrO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

2. Oxidation of Butan-2-one to Butane-2,3-diol: - Butan-2-one can be further oxidized to butane-2,3-diol using a mild oxidizing agent like sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

These transformation sequences involve a series of oxidation and reduction reactions to achieve the desired products.