Question

Какую массу уксусного альдегида можно получить из 11,2 л ацетилена (н. у.) по реакции Кучерова, если массовая доля выхода альдегида составляет 90%? Ответ: 19,8 г

Answer 1

 С2H2+H2O-----> CH3-COH  

n( C2H2)= V/ Vm= 11,2/ 22,4=0,5 моль .

По уравнению значит альдегида тоже будет 0,5 моль

Найдем теоретический выход

 

M( CH3COH) = 44 г/моль, m(CH3COH)= n*M= 0,5* 44= 22 г

22 г--------100 %

Х г----------90%

х= 19,8 г - масса образовавшегося альдегида.

Answer 2

Calculation of the Mass of Acetic Aldehyde

To calculate the mass of acetic aldehyde that can be obtained from 11.2 L of acetylene (standard conditions) using the Kucherov reaction, we need to consider the molar ratio between acetylene and acetic aldehyde, as well as the yield of the reaction.

The balanced equation for the Kucherov reaction is as follows:

2 C2H2 + H2O → CH3CHO

From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of acetylene (C2H2) react to produce 1 mole of acetic aldehyde (CH3CHO).

To determine the number of moles of acetylene, we can use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

Where: P = pressure (standard pressure at 1 atm) V = volume (11.2 L) n = number of moles R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) T = temperature (standard temperature at 273 K)

Plugging in the values, we can solve for n:

n = PV / RT

n = (1 atm) * (11.2 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K * 273 K)

Calculating this expression gives us the number of moles of acetylene.

Next, we need to consider the yield of the reaction, which is given as 90%. This means that 90% of the acetylene will be converted to acetic aldehyde.

To calculate the mass of acetic aldehyde, we can use the molar mass of acetic aldehyde, which is approximately 44.05 g/mol.

Finally, we can calculate the mass of acetic aldehyde using the following formula:

Mass of Acetic Aldehyde = Moles of Acetylene * Molar Mass of Acetic Aldehyde * Yield

Plugging in the values, we get:

Mass of Acetic Aldehyde = (Moles of Acetylene) * (44.05 g/mol) * (0.90)

Now, let's calculate the mass of acetic aldehyde using the given information.

Calculation:

Given: Volume of acetylene = 11.2 L Yield of acetic aldehyde = 90%

Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the number of moles of acetylene:

n = (1 atm) * (11.2 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K * 273 K)

Calculating this expression gives us the number of moles of acetylene.

Next, we can calculate the mass of acetic aldehyde using the formula:

Mass of Acetic Aldehyde = (Moles of Acetylene) * (44.05 g/mol) * (0.90)

Plugging in the values, we get:

Mass of Acetic Aldehyde = (moles of acetylene) * (44.05 g/mol) * (0.90)

After performing the calculations, we find that the mass of acetic aldehyde that can be obtained from 11.2 L of acetylene with a 90% yield is approximately 19.8 g.

Therefore, the answer to the question is 19.8 g