Question

Сколько спиртов имеют молекулярную формулу С5 Н12 О? Составьте структурные формулы этих веществ, назовите их. №2.Составьте уравнения реакций этанола с:а) натриемб) этаноломв) оксидом меди (//)г) серной кислотой.Назовите продукты всех реакций.

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Number of alcohols with the molecular formula C5H12O:

The molecular formula C5H12O represents a group of alcohols called pentanols. There are three isomers of pentanol, each with a different structural arrangement of atoms. The three isomers are: 1. n-pentanol (also known as 1-pentanol): This is the straight-chain isomer with the alcohol group (-OH) attached to the first carbon atom in the chain. 2. isopentanol (also known as 3-methyl-1-butanol): This is the isomer with a branched structure, where the alcohol group is attached to the third carbon atom in the chain. 3. neopentanol (also known as 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol): This is the isomer with a highly branched structure, where the alcohol group is attached to the second carbon atom in the chain.

Structural formulas and names of the pentanols:

1. n-pentanol (1-pentanol): - Structural formula: CH3(CH2)3CH2OH - IUPAC name: Pentan-1-ol

2. isopentanol (3-methyl-1-butanol): - Structural formula: CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH - IUPAC name: 3-Methylbutan-1-ol

3. neopentanol (2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol): - Structural formula: (CH3)3COH - IUPAC name: 2,2-Dimethylpropan-1-ol

Equations for the reactions of ethanol:

a) Reaction of ethanol with sodium (Na): - Equation: 2C2H5OH + 2Na → 2C2H5O-Na+ + H2↑ - Products: Sodium ethoxide (C2H5O-Na+) and hydrogen gas (H2)

b) Reaction of ethanol with ethanol: - Equation: C2H5OH + C2H5OH → C4H10O + H2O - Products: Diethyl ether (C4H10O) and water (H2O)

c) Reaction of ethanol with copper(II) oxide (CuO): - Equation: 2C2H5OH + CuO → Cu + 2C2H4O + H2O - Products: Copper metal (Cu), acetaldehyde (C2H4O), and water (H2O)

d) Reaction of ethanol with sulfuric acid (H2SO4): - Equation: C2H5OH + H2SO4 → C2H5HSO4 + H2O - Products: Ethyl hydrogen sulfate (C2H5HSO4) and water (H2O)

Please note that the equations provided are simplified representations of the reactions and may not include all the intermediate steps or conditions required for the reactions to occur.