Question

Бензол вступает в реакции замещения с: а) бромом и азотной кислотой б) хлором и водородом в) кислородом и серной кислотой г) азотной кислотой и водородом Составьте уравнения реакций, используя структурные формулы органических соединений, укажите условия их протекания и назовите образующиеся вещества.

Answer 1

Ответ будет под буквой "В".

Answer 2

Benzene Substitution Reactions

Benzene can undergo substitution reactions with various compounds. Let's explore the reactions with the given compounds.

Reaction with Bromine and Nitric Acid

Benzene can react with bromine and nitric acid to form nitrobenzene and hydrogen bromide. The reaction is represented by the following equation: ``` C6H6 + Br2 + HNO3 → C6H5NO2 + 2HBr + H2O ``` This reaction occurs under acidic conditions.

Reaction with Chlorine and Hydrogen

Benzene can also react with chlorine and hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride and chlorobenzene. The reaction is represented by the following equation: ``` C6H6 + Cl2 + H2 → C6H5Cl + HCl ``` This reaction occurs under the presence of UV light.

Reaction with Oxygen and Sulfuric Acid

Benzene can react with oxygen and sulfuric acid to form benzenesulfonic acid. The reaction is represented by the following equation: ``` 2C6H6 + 7O2 + 2H2SO4 → 2C6H5SO3H + 2H2O ``` This reaction occurs under the presence of a catalyst, such as vanadium pentoxide.

Reaction with Nitric Acid and Hydrogen

Benzene can react with nitric acid and hydrogen to form nitrobenzene and water. The reaction is represented by the following equation: ``` C6H6 + HNO3 → C6H5NO2 + H2O ``` This reaction occurs under acidic conditions.

These reactions demonstrate the versatility of benzene in undergoing substitution reactions with various compounds, leading to the formation of different organic products.

If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask!