Question

Определите какой объем сероводорода образуется при взаимодействии сульфида цинка с 190 см3 17%-го раствора хлороводородной кислоты ( плотность = 1,098г/см3

Answer 1

1. Определяем массу раствора сульфида цинка объемом 190см³
m=pV  m р-ра(ZnS) = 1,098г/см³ х190см₃=208,68г.

2. Определяем массу сульфида цинка в 208,68г. 17% раствора: ω%(ZnS) =17%,  ω(ZnS) = 0,17    m в-ва(ZnS) = ω х m р-ра=0,17 х 208,68=35,48г.
 
 3. Записываем уравнение реакции и определяем молярную массу:
ZnS + 2HCl = H₂S + ZnCl₂                 M(ZnS) = 65+32=97г/моль
4. Определяем  количество вещества n в 35,48г.
n= m÷M  = 35,48г.÷ 97г/моль=0,365моль    
5. По уравнению реакции видим, что из 1 моль сульфида цинка образуется 1 моль сероводорода, значит из 0,365 моль образуется 0,365 моль сероводорода.
6. Определяем объем H₂S количеством вещества 0,365моль.
Vm(H₂S)=22,4л.
V(H₂S)= Vm x n= 22,4л./моль х 0,365моль=  8,176л.H₂S
7.Ответ: при взаимодействии 190см³ 17% раствора, плотностью 1,098г./см³ сульфида цинка образуется сероводород объемом 8,176л.

Answer 2

Calculation of Hydrogen Sulfide Volume

To determine the volume of hydrogen sulfide formed during the reaction between zinc sulfide and a 17% solution of hydrochloric acid, we need to use the given information and perform a stoichiometric calculation.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between zinc sulfide (ZnS) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is as follows:

ZnS + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2S

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of zinc sulfide reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen sulfide.

To calculate the volume of hydrogen sulfide, we need to follow these steps:

1. Convert the given volume of the hydrochloric acid solution from cubic centimeters (cm3) to liters (L). 2. Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid using its concentration and volume. 3. Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of hydrogen sulfide produced. 4. Convert the moles of hydrogen sulfide to volume using the ideal gas law.

Let's perform the calculations step by step.

Step 1: Convert Volume to Liters

The given volume of the hydrochloric acid solution is 190 cm3. We need to convert this to liters by dividing by 1000:

190 cm3 = 190/1000 L = 0.19 L

Step 2: Calculate Moles of Hydrochloric Acid

The concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is given as 17%. This means that there are 17 grams of hydrochloric acid in 100 grams of the solution.

To calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid, we need to use its molar mass. The molar mass of HCl is approximately 36.5 g/mol.

First, we calculate the mass of hydrochloric acid in the given volume of the solution:

mass of HCl = concentration * volume * density

Given: - Concentration of HCl solution: 17% - Volume of HCl solution: 0.19 L - Density of HCl solution: 1.098 g/cm3

mass of HCl = 0.17 * 0.19 * 1.098 g = 0.036 g

Next, we convert the mass of hydrochloric acid to moles:

moles of HCl = mass of HCl / molar mass of HCl

moles of HCl = 0.036 g / 36.5 g/mol = 0.000986 moles

Step 3: Determine Moles of Hydrogen Sulfide

From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of zinc sulfide reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen sulfide.

Since the stoichiometric ratio is 1:1 between hydrogen sulfide and hydrochloric acid, the number of moles of hydrogen sulfide produced is also 0.000986 moles.

Step 4: Convert Moles to Volume

To convert the moles of hydrogen sulfide to volume, we can use the ideal gas law, which states:

PV = nRT

Where: - P is the pressure (assumed to be constant) - V is the volume - n is the number of moles - R is the ideal gas constant - T is the temperature (assumed to be constant)

Since the pressure, gas constant, and temperature are assumed to be constant, we can rearrange the equation to solve for volume:

V = nRT / P

Given: - Number of moles of H2S: 0.000986 moles - Ideal gas constant (R): 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) - Assumed pressure (P): 1 atm - Assumed temperature (T): 273 K (0°C)

V = 0.000986 moles * 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) * 273 K / 1 atm = 0.022 L

Therefore, the volume of hydrogen sulfide formed during the reaction is 0.022 liters.

Note: The sources provided did not contain specific information related to the calculation. The calculation was performed based on the given information and general chemistry principles.