Question

Определите массовые доли химических элементов в следующих веществах : hpo3 BaCo3 CaCl2 kcl

Answer 1

Mr(HPO3) = 1+31+3*16 = 80
W(H) = 1/80 =0.01=1%
W(P) = 31/80 =0.39=39%
W(O) = 48/80 = 0.6=60%
 
Mr(BaCO3) = 137+12+3*16=197
W(Ba) =137/197=0.7=70%
W(C)=12/197 = 0.06=6%
W(O)=48/197 = 0.24=24%

Mr(CaCl2)=40+2*35.5= 111
W(Ca)=40/111=0.36=36%
W(Cl)=71/111=0.64=64%

Mr(KCl) = 39+35.5 =74.5
W(K) = 39/74.5 = 0.52=52%
W(Cl) = 35.5/74.5=0.48=48%

Answer 2

Mass Fractions of Chemical Elements in the Given Substances

To determine the mass fractions of chemical elements in the substances provided, let's analyze each substance individually:

1. HPO3: - HPO3 is the chemical formula for phosphorous acid. - Phosphorous acid consists of the elements hydrogen (H), phosphorus (P), and oxygen (O). - To determine the mass fractions, we need the molar masses of each element and the overall molar mass of the compound. - The molar masses are approximately: H = 1 g/mol, P = 31 g/mol, O = 16 g/mol. - The molar mass of HPO3 is approximately 82 g/mol. - To calculate the mass fractions, we divide the molar mass of each element by the molar mass of the compound and multiply by 100. - The mass fractions of the elements in HPO3 are approximately: H = 1.22%, P = 37.80%, O = 60.98%. - Please note that these values are approximate and may vary slightly depending on the specific isotopes present.

2. BaCo3: - BaCo3 is the chemical formula for barium carbonate. - Barium carbonate consists of the elements barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), and oxygen (O). - To determine the mass fractions, we need the molar masses of each element and the overall molar mass of the compound. - The molar masses are approximately: Ba = 137 g/mol, Co = 59 g/mol, O = 16 g/mol. - The molar mass of BaCo3 is approximately 197 g/mol. - To calculate the mass fractions, we divide the molar mass of each element by the molar mass of the compound and multiply by 100. - The mass fractions of the elements in BaCo3 are approximately: Ba = 69.54%, Co = 30.05%, O = 0.41%.

3. CaCl2: - CaCl2 is the chemical formula for calcium chloride. - Calcium chloride consists of the elements calcium (Ca) and chlorine (Cl). - To determine the mass fractions, we need the molar masses of each element and the overall molar mass of the compound. - The molar masses are approximately: Ca = 40 g/mol, Cl = 35.5 g/mol. - The molar mass of CaCl2 is approximately 111 g/mol. - To calculate the mass fractions, we divide the molar mass of each element by the molar mass of the compound and multiply by 100. - The mass fractions of the elements in CaCl2 are approximately: Ca = 36.04%, Cl = 63.96%.

4. KCl: - KCl is the chemical formula for potassium chloride. - Potassium chloride consists of the elements potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl). - To determine the mass fractions, we need the molar masses of each element and the overall molar mass of the compound. - The molar masses are approximately: K = 39 g/mol, Cl = 35.5 g/mol. - The molar mass of KCl is approximately 74.5 g/mol. - To calculate the mass fractions, we divide the molar mass of each element by the molar mass of the compound and multiply by 100. - The mass fractions of the elements in KCl are approximately: K = 52.34%, Cl = 47.66%.

Please note that these calculations are approximate and may vary slightly depending on the specific isotopes present in the elements.

Summary of Mass Fractions:

- HPO3: H = 1.22%, P = 37.80%, O = 60.98% - BaCo3: Ba = 69.54%, Co = 30.05%, O = 0.41% - CaCl2: Ca = 36.04%, Cl = 63.96% - KCl: K = 52.34%, Cl = 47.66%

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.