Question

Определите массу оксида меди (II), необходимого для окисления этилового спирта, полученного из 1 т винограда, который содержит 23% глюкозы. Потери на каждой стадии составляют 25%. Напишите структурные формулы и название полученных соединений.

Answer 1

Дано:
1 т винограда
25% С6Н12О6
w 25%
потери на каждой стадии=25%
найти m(CuO)

CH3-CH2-OH+CuO--t-->CH3COOH+Cu+H2O
этиловый спирт ацетат альдегид

C6H12O6--ферменты-->2С2H5-OH+2CO2
глюкоза
1тонна=1000кг
1000кг это 100%
х кг------23%
х=1000*23/100=230кг (C6H12O6)
M(C6H12O6)=180г/моль
230кг=230000гр
n(C6H12O6)=m*M=230000/180=1278моль
спирта по уравнению в 2 раза больше
n(c2H5-OH)=1278*2=2556моль
2556- это 100%
х---- 75%
n(C2H5OH)=2556*75/100=1917моль
n(C2H5-OH)=n(CuO)=1917моль
M(CuO)=80г/моль
n(CuO)=n(C2H5-OH)=1917моль
m(CuO)=n*M=80*1917=153360гр или153,4 кг

Answer 2

Calculating the Mass of Copper(II) Oxide

To calculate the mass of copper(II) oxide required to oxidize the ethanol obtained from 1 ton of grapes containing 23% glucose, we can follow these steps:

1. Calculate the Amount of Glucose in 1 Ton of Grapes: - The grapes contain 23% glucose. - Therefore, the amount of glucose in 1 ton of grapes can be calculated as: ``` Glucose = 23% of 1 ton = 0.23 * 1000 kg = 230 kg ```

2. Calculate the Amount of Ethanol Produced from Glucose: - The chemical equation for the fermentation of glucose to ethanol is: ``` C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 ``` - From the equation, it can be inferred that 1 mole of glucose produces 2 moles of ethanol. - The molar mass of glucose is approximately 180.16 g/mol. - Using this information, we can calculate the amount of ethanol produced from 230 kg of glucose.

3. Calculate the Amount of Copper(II) Oxide Required: - The balanced chemical equation for the oxidation of ethanol by copper(II) oxide is: ``` 3 C2H5OH + 2 CuO → 2 Cu + 3 CH3COOH + 3 H2O ``` - From the equation, it can be inferred that 3 moles of ethanol react with 2 moles of copper(II) oxide. - Using this information, we can calculate the amount of copper(II) oxide required to oxidize the ethanol produced.

Structural Formulas and Names of Compounds

The structural formulas and names of the compounds obtained in the process are as follows:

1. Glucose (C6H12O6): - Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6.

2. Ethanol (C2H5OH): - Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, has the chemical formula C2H5OH.

3. Copper(II) Oxide (CuO): - Copper(II) oxide is a black solid with the chemical formula CuO.

4. Acetic Acid (CH3COOH): - Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, has the chemical formula CH3COOH.

5. Water (H2O): - Water is a simple molecule with the chemical formula H2O.

By following these steps and considering the chemical equations, we can determine the mass of copper(II) oxide required and identify the structural formulas and names of the compounds involved in the process.