Question

Выделение этилового спирта чистого или с минимальным процентом примесей всеми доступными способами из веществ и продуктов в списке: Спирт этиловый технический, жидкость для разжигания костров, клей БФ2, политура мебельная с воском, гуталин, тормозная жидкость, антифриз, средство для мытья стекол, одеколон тройной, огуречный лосьон, салициловый спирт, борной кислоты раствор спиртовой, настойка боярышника спиртовая, настойка календулы спиртовая, настойка перцовка спиртовая. Составьте и запишите уравнение реакции, если есть. Подразумевается содержание этилового спирта во всех перечисленных продуктах.

Answer 1

В голову приходят только добавление воды, фильтрация нерастворимых в воде и осажденных фракций, перегонка из водного раствора
сам бы не рискнул использовать полученный спирт в пищевых целях

Answer 2

Не совсем понятно, с какой целью интересуетесь. Это уголовно наказуемое деяние.

Что вы понимаете под словами "чистый спирт"?
К примеру, спирт этиловый технический по ГОСТу содержит 94% этанола С2Н5ОН.
Это не чистый спирт?

Примеси в пересчете на кислоту, серу, сложные эфиры, альдегиды составляют 6%, разделяются физико-химическим путем: вначале удаляют примесь серы промыванием в специальной ректификационной колонне, затем перегоняют.

Салициловый спирт  НО-С6Н4-СН2-ОН совсем другое вещество, и тут в лабораторных условиях вряд ли вы получите этанол: условия превращений слишком жесткие.

Из остального можно выделить этиловый спирт, однако без ректификации его нельзя использовать в пищевых целях. Все зависит от того, какой чистоты спирт вы хотите получить. 

Answer 3

Extraction of Ethyl Alcohol from Various Substances and Products

Ethyl alcohol, also known as ethanol, can be extracted from various substances and products. Here are some of the listed substances and products and the methods that can be used to extract ethyl alcohol with minimal impurities:

1. Technical Ethyl Alcohol: Technical ethyl alcohol is a type of ethyl alcohol that is primarily used for industrial purposes. It may contain impurities and is not suitable for consumption. To extract pure or minimally impure ethyl alcohol from technical ethyl alcohol, a distillation process can be used. Distillation involves heating the technical ethyl alcohol to its boiling point and then condensing the vapor to obtain pure or concentrated ethyl alcohol.

2. Firelighting Fluid: Firelighting fluid, also known as lighter fluid, is a flammable liquid used to ignite fires. It typically contains a mixture of hydrocarbons, including ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from firelighting fluid, a similar distillation process can be used. The firelighting fluid is heated, and the vapor is condensed to obtain ethyl alcohol.

3. BF2 Glue: BF2 glue is a type of adhesive that contains ethyl alcohol as a solvent. To extract ethyl alcohol from BF2 glue, the glue can be dissolved in a suitable solvent, such as water. The solution can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol from the other components.

4. Furniture Polish with Wax: Furniture polish with wax often contains ethyl alcohol as a solvent. To extract ethyl alcohol from furniture polish, the polish can be mixed with a suitable solvent, such as water or another alcohol. The mixture can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol.

5. Gutalin: Gutalin is a type of adhesive that contains ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from gutalin, the adhesive can be dissolved in a suitable solvent, such as water. The solution can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol.

6. Brake Fluid: Brake fluid is a hydraulic fluid used in brake systems. It typically contains various chemicals, including ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from brake fluid, a similar distillation process can be used. The brake fluid is heated, and the vapor is condensed to obtain ethyl alcohol.

7. Antifreeze: Antifreeze is a liquid used to lower the freezing point of a liquid, such as engine coolant. It may contain ethyl alcohol as one of the components. To extract ethyl alcohol from antifreeze, a similar distillation process can be used. The antifreeze is heated, and the vapor is condensed to obtain ethyl alcohol.

8. Glass Cleaner: Glass cleaner often contains ethyl alcohol as a cleaning agent. To extract ethyl alcohol from glass cleaner, the cleaner can be mixed with a suitable solvent, such as water. The mixture can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol.

9. Triple Cologne: Triple cologne, also known as eau de cologne, is a type of perfume that contains ethyl alcohol as a solvent. To extract ethyl alcohol from triple cologne, the cologne can be mixed with a suitable solvent, such as water. The mixture can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol.

10. Cucumber Lotion: Cucumber lotion may contain ethyl alcohol as an ingredient. To extract ethyl alcohol from cucumber lotion, the lotion can be mixed with a suitable solvent, such as water. The mixture can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol.

11. Salicylic Acid Solution: Salicylic acid solution, which is often used for skin treatments, may contain ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from salicylic acid solution, the solution can be mixed with a suitable solvent, such as water. The mixture can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol.

12. Boric Acid Solution: Boric acid solution, which is used for various purposes, may contain ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from boric acid solution, the solution can be mixed with a suitable solvent, such as water. The mixture can then be distilled to separate the ethyl alcohol.

13. Hawthorn Tincture: Hawthorn tincture is a herbal extract made by soaking hawthorn berries in ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from hawthorn tincture, a similar distillation process can be used. The tincture is heated, and the vapor is condensed to obtain ethyl alcohol.

14. Calendula Tincture: Calendula tincture is a herbal extract made by soaking calendula flowers in ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from calendula tincture, a similar distillation process can be used. The tincture is heated, and the vapor is condensed to obtain ethyl alcohol.

15. Peppermint Tincture: Peppermint tincture is a herbal extract made by soaking peppermint leaves in ethyl alcohol. To extract ethyl alcohol from peppermint tincture, a similar distillation process can be used. The tincture is heated, and the vapor is condensed to obtain ethyl alcohol.

Please note that the specific extraction methods may vary depending on the composition of the substances and products mentioned. It is important to exercise caution and follow appropriate safety procedures when handling flammable substances and performing distillation processes.

I hope this information is helpful! Let me know if you have any further questions.