Question

Распределить по квантовым ячейкам 5s^2 4d^4 электроны соблюдая принциа паули и правило гунда

Answer 1

Проскок (провал) электрона

Answer 2

Distributing Electrons in Quantum Cells

To distribute the electrons in the 5s^2 4d^4 configuration while observing the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule, we can follow the guidelines of quantum mechanics.

Pauli Exclusion Principle: The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. These quantum numbers are the principal quantum number (n), the azimuthal quantum number (l), the magnetic quantum number (m), and the spin quantum number (s).

Hund's Rule: Hund's rule states that for degenerate orbitals, the lowest energy is attained when the number of electrons with the same spin is maximized.

Distribution of Electrons in 5s^2 4d^4 Configuration

The electron configuration 5s^2 4d^4 corresponds to the element Molybdenum (Mo).

Following the Aufbau principle, we fill the orbitals in order of increasing energy. The 5s orbital is filled before the 4d orbital.

1. Filling the 5s Orbital: - The 5s orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. - Therefore, the 5s orbital will be filled with 2 electrons, each with opposite spins.

2. Filling the 4d Orbital: - The 4d orbital can hold a maximum of 10 electrons. - Since we have 4 electrons to distribute, we will follow Hund's rule and place one electron in each of the 4d orbitals before pairing them up.

Therefore, the distribution of electrons in the 5s^2 4d^4 configuration, following the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule, is as follows: - 5s^2: ↑↓ - 4d^4: ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑

This distribution ensures that the Pauli exclusion principle is satisfied, and the electrons are distributed in a way that minimizes the total energy, in accordance with Hund's rule.

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