Question

Расставьте коэффициенты в следующем уравнении химической реакции с помощью метода электронного баланса HCI + KMnO4 > KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2^ + H2O . укажите окислитель и восстановитель . Помогите зарание спасибо

Answer 1

2 KMnO4 + 16 HCl (конц) => 2 MnCl2 + 2 KCl + 5 Cl2↑ + 8 H2O 

2Cl-  - 2e = Cl2 /*5
Mn+7 + 5e = Mn+2  /*2
Вот такк выходит.

Answer 2

Balancing the Chemical Equation using the Method of Electron Balance

To balance the chemical equation HCl + KMnO4 -> KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O using the method of electron balance, we need to ensure that the number of electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction is equal to the number of electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction.

Let's break down the equation into half-reactions and balance them individually:

1. Oxidation Half-Reaction: HCl -> Cl2 + H2O

In this half-reaction, chlorine in HCl is oxidized from -1 to 0 in Cl2. To balance the number of chlorine atoms, we need to multiply HCl by 2:

2HCl -> Cl2 + H2O

Now, let's balance the hydrogen atoms by adding 2H2O on the right side:

2HCl -> Cl2 + 2H2O

The oxidation half-reaction is now balanced.

2. Reduction Half-Reaction: KMnO4 -> KCl + MnCl2

In this half-reaction, manganese in KMnO4 is reduced from +7 to +2 in MnCl2. To balance the number of manganese atoms, we need to multiply MnCl2 by 5:

KMnO4 -> KCl + 5MnCl2

Now, let's balance the potassium atoms by adding 4KCl on the right side:

KMnO4 -> 4KCl + 5MnCl2

The reduction half-reaction is now balanced.

Balancing the Number of Electrons

To balance the number of electrons gained and lost in the half-reactions, we need to ensure that the total number of electrons lost is equal to the total number of electrons gained.

In the oxidation half-reaction, we have 2 electrons gained (from Cl2) and in the reduction half-reaction, we have 10 electrons lost (from KMnO4). To balance the electrons, we need to multiply the oxidation half-reaction by 5 and the reduction half-reaction by 1:

10HCl -> 5Cl2 + 10H2O 5KMnO4 -> 20KCl + 25MnCl2

Now, the number of electrons gained and lost is balanced.

Final Balanced Equation

Combining the balanced half-reactions, we get the final balanced equation:

10HCl + 5KMnO4 -> 5Cl2 + 10H2O + 20KCl + 25MnCl2

Identifying the Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

In the balanced equation, the oxidizing agent is the species that gets reduced, while the reducing agent is the species that gets oxidized.

In this case, KMnO4 is the oxidizing agent because it gets reduced from +7 to +2 in MnCl2. HCl is the reducing agent because it gets oxidized from -1 to 0 in Cl2.

To summarize: - Oxidizing agent: KMnO4 - Reducing agent: HCl

Please note that the above explanation is based on the information provided and the assumption that the reaction occurs under standard conditions.