Question

Определите степень окисления элементов в следующих веществах:MnCl2, KCl, K2Cr2O7, KMnO4, P2O5, S, Al2(SO4)3.

Answer 1

Mn⁺²Cl₂⁻
K⁺Cl⁻
K₂⁺Cr₂⁺⁶O₇⁻²
K⁺Mn⁺⁷O₄⁻²
P₂⁺⁵O₅⁻²
S°
Al₂⁺³(SO₄)₃⁻²

Answer 2

Determining Oxidation States of Elements

Let's determine the oxidation states of the elements in the given substances:

1. MnCl2: - The oxidation state of Cl is -1. - Let the oxidation state of Mn be x. - Using the fact that the sum of the oxidation states in a compound is zero, we can calculate the oxidation state of Mn. - Equation: 2(-1) + x = 0 - Oxidation state of Mn in MnCl2 is +2.

2. KCl: - The oxidation state of Cl is -1. - The oxidation state of K is +1. - Oxidation state of K in KCl is +1.

3. K2Cr2O7: - The oxidation state of O is -2. - Let the oxidation state of Cr be x. - Using the fact that the sum of the oxidation states in a compound is zero, we can calculate the oxidation state of Cr. - Equation: 2(-2) + 7(-2) + 2x = 0 - Oxidation state of Cr in K2Cr2O7 is +6.

4. KMnO4: - The oxidation state of O is -2. - Let the oxidation state of Mn be x. - Using the fact that the sum of the oxidation states in a compound is zero, we can calculate the oxidation state of Mn. - Equation: 4(-2) + x = 0 - Oxidation state of Mn in KMnO4 is +7.

5. P2O5: - The oxidation state of O is -2. - Let the oxidation state of P be x. - Using the fact that the sum of the oxidation states in a compound is zero, we can calculate the oxidation state of P. - Equation: 5(-2) + 2x = 0 - Oxidation state of P in P2O5 is +5.

6. S: - The oxidation state of S can vary depending on the compound it is in. In this case, it is not specified which compound the S is in, so the oxidation state cannot be determined without additional information.

7. Al2(SO4)3: - The oxidation state of O is -2. - Let the oxidation state of Al be x. - Using the fact that the sum of the oxidation states in a compound is zero, we can calculate the oxidation state of Al. - Equation: 3(-2) + 2x = 0 - Oxidation state of Al in Al2(SO4)3 is +3.

Summary

The oxidation states of the elements in the given substances are as follows: - MnCl2: Mn(+2) - KCl: K(+1) - K2Cr2O7: Cr(+6) - KMnO4: Mn(+7) - P2O5: P(+5) - S: Cannot be determined without additional information about the compound it is in. - Al2(SO4)3: Al(+3)