Question

Чим відрізняються стабiльнi й нестабільні нукліди? Наведіть приклади стабільних і нестабільних нуклідів. Срочно​

Answer 1

Стабільні нукліди мають сталу кількість протонів та нейтронів у ядрі, що забезпечує їхню довготривалу стабільність. Нестабільні нукліди, або радіоактивні, мають недостатню кількість або надмір протонів та нейтронів, тому вони розпадаються з часом, випромінюючи радіацію.

Приклади стабільних нуклідів:

Азот-14 (
7
14
N
7
14
​
N)
Кисень-16 (
8
16
O
8
16
​
O)
Вуглець-12 (
6
12
C
6
12
​
C)
Приклади нестабільних нуклідів (радіоактивних):

Радій-226 (
88
226
Ra
88
226
​
Ra)
Уран-235 (
92
235
U
92
235
​
U)
Радон-222 (
86
222
Rn
86
222
​
Rn)

Answer 2

Difference between Stable and Unstable Nuclei

Stable and unstable nuclei differ in terms of their composition and behavior. Here are the key differences:

Stable Nuclei: - Stable nuclei have a balanced number of protons and neutrons, which results in a strong nuclear force that holds them together. - They do not undergo spontaneous radioactive decay. - Stable nuclei have a long half-life, meaning they remain unchanged for a significant period of time. - Examples of stable nuclei include carbon-12 (^12C), oxygen-16 (^16O), and iron-56 (^56Fe) [[1]].

Unstable Nuclei: - Unstable nuclei have an imbalance in the number of protons and neutrons, which leads to an unstable nuclear configuration. - They undergo spontaneous radioactive decay, where they emit particles or radiation in order to achieve a more stable state. - Unstable nuclei have a short half-life, meaning they decay relatively quickly. - Examples of unstable nuclei include uranium-235 (^235U), radium-226 (^226Ra), and carbon-14 (^14C) [[2]].

Examples of Stable and Unstable Nuclei

1. Stable Nuclei Examples: - Carbon-12 (^12C): Carbon-12 is the most abundant and stable isotope of carbon. It has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, resulting in a balanced nuclear configuration. - Oxygen-16 (^16O): Oxygen-16 is the most common isotope of oxygen. It contains 8 protons and 8 neutrons, forming a stable nucleus. - Iron-56 (^56Fe): Iron-56 is the most stable and abundant isotope of iron. It consists of 26 protons and 30 neutrons, creating a stable nuclear structure.

2. Unstable Nuclei Examples: - Uranium-235 (^235U): Uranium-235 is a radioactive isotope of uranium. It has 92 protons and 143 neutrons, making it highly unstable. It undergoes radioactive decay and is used as fuel in nuclear reactors. - Radium-226 (^226Ra): Radium-226 is a radioactive isotope of radium. It contains 88 protons and 138 neutrons, making it unstable. It decays over time and emits alpha particles. - Carbon-14 (^14C): Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. It has 6 protons and 8 neutrons, resulting in an unstable nucleus. It is commonly used in radiocarbon dating to determine the age of organic materials.

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