Question

Что такое s-,p-,d-,f- в орбитале?Какое число электронов размещается на каждой из этих орбиталей​

Answer 1

Ответ:

s,p,d,f - энергетические подуровни.

s- 2 электрона

p- 6 электронов

d-10 электронов

f-14 электронов

(максимальное количество)

Answer 2

S-, p-, d-, and f- orbitals are specific shapes or patterns in which electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom. Each orbital can hold a specific number of electrons.

- S-orbital: This is a spherical-shaped orbital. It can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.

- P-orbital: This is a dumbbell-shaped orbital. There are three mutually perpendicular p-orbitals, denoted as px, py, and pz. Each p-orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, so the total capacity of a set of p-orbitals is 6 electrons.

- D-orbital: This is a complex shape with four lobes and a doughnut-shaped region in the center. There are five d-orbitals, denoted as dxy, dyz, dzx, dx^2-y^2, and dz^2. Each d-orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, so the total capacity of a set of d-orbitals is 10 electrons.

- F-orbital: This is a more complex shape with intricate patterns. There are seven f-orbitals, denoted as fx(x-3y^2), fz(x^2-y^2), fy(3x^2-y^2), fxyz, fxz^2, fyz^2, and fzx^2. Each f-orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, so the total capacity of a set of f-orbitals is 14 electrons.

It's important to note that the arrangement and capacity of these orbitals follow the principles of the Pauli exclusion principle and the Aufbau principle, which govern the filling order of electrons in an atom.