Question

ПОМОГИТЕ ПЖ!!!!!!! 50 баллов отдаю Визначте ступені окиснення елементів, що входять до складу речовин:а) Cl2, FeCl3, NaClO4, Mn2O7, K2Cr2O7, CS2; б) Al(HCO3)3, Ca(MnO4)2,(NH4)3PO4, BaO2, Cu2O, Fe(OH)(NO3)2.6. Укажіть речовину-окисник і речовину-відновник у схемах реакцій: а) Na + N2 → Na3N; в) C + H2O → CO + H2 ; б) Al + H2S → Al2S3 + H2 ↑; г) NO + O2 → 2NO2 .1237. Які з реакцій є окисно-відновними: а) H2S = H2 + S; в) Ba(NO3)2 = Ba(NO2)2 + O2? б) FeO + 2HCl = FeCl2 + H2O;

Answer 1

Ответ:

Cl2O7 Cl 7 O -2 Cl2O Cl 1 O-2 FeCl2 Fe 2 Cl -1 FeCl3 Fe 3 Cl -1 MnS Mn+4 S -4 MnO2 Mn +4 O -2 MnF4 Mn +4

F -1

MnCl4

Mn +4

Cl -1

Cu2O

Cu +1

O -2

Mg2Si

Mg +2

Si -4

SiCl4

Si +4

Cl -1

Na3N

Na +1

N -3

FeS

Fe +4

S -4

Answer 2

Stupeni okysnennya elements in compounds:

а) Cl2: The oxidation state of chlorine in Cl2 is 0. [[1]] FeCl3: The oxidation state of iron in FeCl3 is +3, and the oxidation state of chlorine is -1. [[2]] NaClO4: The oxidation state of sodium in NaClO4 is +1, the oxidation state of chlorine is +7, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[3]] Mn2O7: The oxidation state of manganese in Mn2O7 is +7, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[4]] K2Cr2O7: The oxidation state of potassium in K2Cr2O7 is +1, the oxidation state of chromium is +6, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[5]] CS2: The oxidation state of carbon in CS2 is +4, and the oxidation state of sulfur is -2. [[6]]

б) Al(HCO3)3: The oxidation state of aluminum in Al(HCO3)3 is +3, the oxidation state of hydrogen is +1, the oxidation state of carbon in HCO3 is +4, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[7]] Ca(MnO4)2: The oxidation state of calcium in Ca(MnO4)2 is +2, the oxidation state of manganese is +7, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[8]] (NH4)3PO4: The oxidation state of nitrogen in (NH4)3PO4 is -3, the oxidation state of hydrogen is +1, the oxidation state of phosphorus is +5, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[9]] BaO2: The oxidation state of barium in BaO2 is +2, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -1. [[10]] Cu2O: The oxidation state of copper in Cu2O is +1, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[11]] Fe(OH)(NO3)2: The oxidation state of iron in Fe(OH)(NO3)2 is +2, the oxidation state of hydrogen is +1, the oxidation state of nitrogen in NO3 is +5, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. [[12]]

Rechovina-okysnyk and rechovina-vidnovnyk in reaction schemes:

а) Na + N2 → Na3N: In this reaction, sodium (Na) is the reducing agent (rechovina-vidnovnyk) because it donates electrons to nitrogen (N2), which is being reduced from a zero oxidation state to -3 in Na3N. Nitrogen is the oxidizing agent (rechovina-okysnyk) because it accepts electrons from sodium. [[13]]

в) C + H2O → CO + H2: In this reaction, carbon (C) is the reducing agent (rechovina-vidnovnyk) because it donates electrons to oxygen in water (H2O), which is being reduced from an oxidation state of 0 to -2 in H2. Oxygen is the oxidizing agent (rechovina-okysnyk) because it accepts electrons from carbon. [[14]]

б) Al + H2S → Al2S3 + H2 ↑: In this reaction, aluminum (Al) is the reducing agent (rechovina-vidnovnyk) because it donates electrons to sulfur in hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is being reduced from an oxidation state of -2 to -2 in Al2S3. Sulfur is the oxidizing agent (rechovina-okysnyk) because it accepts electrons from aluminum. [[15]]

г) NO + O2 → 2NO2: In this reaction, nitrogen monoxide (NO) is the reducing agent (rechovina-vidnovnyk) because it donates electrons to oxygen (O2), which is being reduced from an oxidation state of 0 to -2 in NO2. Oxygen is the oxidizing agent (rechovina-okysnyk) because it accepts electrons from nitrogen monoxide. [[16]]

Oxidation-reduction reactions:

а) H2S = H2 + S: This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is being oxidized from an oxidation state of -2 to 0 in hydrogen gas (H2), and sulfur (S) is being reduced from an oxidation state of 0 to -2. [[17]]

в) Ba(NO3)2 = Ba(NO2)2 + O2: This reaction is not an oxidation-reduction reaction. The oxidation states of the elements in both the reactants and the products remain the same. [[18]]

б) FeO + 2HCl = FeCl2 + H2O: This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. Iron(II) oxide (FeO) is being oxidized from an oxidation state of +2 to +2 in iron(II) chloride (FeCl2), and hydrogen chloride (HCl) is being reduced from an oxidation state of 0 to -1. [[19]]

Note: The oxidation states mentioned here are based on the most common oxidation states for the elements in the given compounds. It is important to note that oxidation states can vary depending on the specific compound and reaction conditions.