Question

Функции механической ткани, виды механической ткани Помогите!!!))))))

Answer 1

механические ткани-это опорные ткани, придающие прочность органам растений. Они обеспечивают сопротивление статическим ( сила тяжести ) и динамическим ( порывы ветра и т. п.) нагрузкам. Этим объясняется расположение тканей в органах растений, их тип и особенности клеток. В самых молодых участках растущих органов механических тканей нет, так как живые клетки в состоянии высокого тургора обусловливают их форму благодаря своим упругим оболочкам. По мире развития органов не появляются специализированные механические ткани. Сочетаясь другими тканями, они образуют как бы арматуру органов, поэтому их называют арматурными. Механические ткани наиболее развиты в осевой части побега- стебле. Здесь они располагаются по его периферии либо отдельные участки в границах либо с цилиндром. Тем самым достигается наилучшее использование механических тканей при изгибе органа. Напротив, в корне, который выдерживает Ладно образом сопротивление на разрыв механическая ткань с сосредоточена на центре. Механические ткани могут формироваться как в первичном, так и во вторичном теле растений. Наиболее заметная особенность клеток механической тканей- их значительно утолщённые оболочки, которые продолжают выполнять опорную функцию даже после отмирания и живого содержимого различают два основных типа механических тканей- колленхиму и склеренхиму

Answer 2

Functions of Mechanical Tissues

Mechanical tissues in plants serve various functions related to support, strength, and movement. Here are some of the key functions of mechanical tissues:

1. Support: Mechanical tissues provide structural support to the plant, allowing it to maintain an upright position. They help prevent the plant from collapsing under its own weight or external forces.

2. Strength: Mechanical tissues provide strength and rigidity to the plant, enabling it to withstand mechanical stress and pressure. They help the plant maintain its shape and resist bending or breaking.

3. Conduction: Some mechanical tissues, such as xylem and phloem, are involved in the conduction of water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, while phloem transports sugars and other organic molecules to different parts of the plant.

4. Protection: Mechanical tissues can also provide protection to delicate and vital parts of the plant. For example, the outer layer of the stem, known as the epidermis, can act as a protective barrier against physical damage, pathogens, and excessive water loss.

Types of Mechanical Tissues

There are several types of mechanical tissues found in plants, each with its own unique structure and function. Here are some of the main types:

1. Parenchyma: Parenchyma cells are the most common type of plant cells and are found in various parts of the plant, including leaves, stems, and roots. While they are not specialized for mechanical support, they can contribute to the overall strength and flexibility of the plant.

2. Collenchyma: Collenchyma cells are elongated cells with thickened cell walls. They are primarily found in young plant tissues, such as the growing tips of stems and the undersides of leaves. Collenchyma cells provide flexible support to the plant and help it withstand bending forces.

3. Sclerenchyma: Sclerenchyma cells are highly specialized cells with thick, lignified cell walls. They are found in mature plant tissues, such as the stems, roots, and seed coats. Sclerenchyma cells provide rigid support and strength to the plant, allowing it to withstand mechanical stress.

4. Xylem: Xylem is a complex tissue responsible for the conduction of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It is composed of several cell types, including vessel elements and tracheids, which have thickened cell walls and are dead at maturity. The thickened cell walls of xylem cells provide mechanical support to the plant.

5. Phloem: Phloem is another complex tissue involved in the conduction of sugars and other organic molecules throughout the plant. It consists of sieve tube elements and companion cells. While phloem cells are not specialized for mechanical support, they contribute to the overall strength and stability of the plant.

It's important to note that these mechanical tissues often work together to provide support and strength to the plant. The specific arrangement and distribution of these tissues vary depending on the plant species and its specific needs.