Question

Эпителиальные ткани образуют 1) Покровы кожи 2) Слизистые оболочки внутренних органов 3) Средний слой стенки желудка 4) Хрящевые диски между позвонками 5) Железы внешней секреции 6) Подкожную клетчатку В2. Какие структуры организма человека участвуют в терморегуляции 1) Потовые железы 2) Сальные железы 3) Кровеносные сосуды кожи 4) Вены малого круга кровообращения 5) Мышцы стенок кишечника 6) Подкожная жировая клетчатка

Answer 1

эпителиальная ткань — слой клеток, выстилающий поверхность (эпидермис) и полости тела, а также слизистые оболочки внутренних органов, пищевого тракта, дыхательной системы, мочеполовые пути. Кроме того, образует большинство желёз организма.Ответ 2

 

 

Answer 2

Epithelial Tissues

Epithelial tissues are a type of tissue that line the surfaces of organs, cavities, and structures in the human body. They serve various functions depending on their location. Here are some examples of where epithelial tissues can be found:

1. Skin Coverings: Epithelial tissues form the outermost layer of the skin, providing protection against external factors such as pathogens, UV radiation, and physical damage. 2. Mucous Membranes: Epithelial tissues line the internal surfaces of organs and cavities that are exposed to the external environment, such as the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and reproductive tract. These tissues secrete mucus to lubricate and protect the surfaces. 3. Stomach Wall: The middle layer of the stomach wall, called the mucosa, is composed of epithelial tissues. These tissues secrete gastric juices and mucus to aid in digestion. 4. Cartilaginous Discs: Epithelial tissues do not form cartilaginous discs between the vertebrae. Cartilaginous discs are made up of fibrocartilage, which is a different type of tissue. 5. Exocrine Glands: Epithelial tissues form the glands responsible for external secretion, such as sweat glands and oil glands in the skin. These glands produce substances that are released onto the skin surface or into hair follicles. 6. Subcutaneous Connective Tissue: The subcutaneous layer, also known as the hypodermis, is primarily composed of adipose (fat) tissue and connective tissue, not epithelial tissues.

It's important to note that while epithelial tissues are found in various locations throughout the body, they are not the only type of tissue present. The human body is composed of different types of tissues, including connective, muscular, and nervous tissues, which work together to maintain the body's structure and function.

Structures Involved in Thermoregulation

Thermoregulation is the process by which the body maintains its internal temperature within a narrow range. Several structures in the human body play a role in thermoregulation. Here are some examples:

1. Sweat Glands: Sweat glands are responsible for producing sweat, which is primarily composed of water and electrolytes. When the body temperature rises, sweat glands are activated to release sweat onto the skin surface. As the sweat evaporates, it helps to cool down the body. 2. Sebaceous Glands: Sebaceous glands are responsible for producing sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair. While sebaceous glands do not directly regulate body temperature, they contribute to the overall health and function of the skin. 3. Blood Vessels in the Skin: Blood vessels in the skin play a crucial role in thermoregulation. When the body temperature rises, blood vessels near the skin's surface dilate (vasodilation), allowing more blood to flow through them. This helps to dissipate heat from the body to the environment. Conversely, when the body temperature drops, blood vessels constrict (vasoconstriction) to reduce heat loss. 4. Veins of the Pulmonary Circulation: The veins of the pulmonary circulation, also known as the pulmonary veins, carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart. While they are not directly involved in thermoregulation, they are an essential part of the circulatory system. 5. Muscles in the Intestinal Walls: The muscles in the walls of the intestines, known as smooth muscles, are responsible for peristalsis, the rhythmic contractions that propel food through the digestive tract. While they play a role in digestion, they are not directly involved in thermoregulation. 6. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue: Subcutaneous adipose tissue, also known as subcutaneous fat, is a layer of fat located beneath the skin. It acts as an insulator, helping to regulate body temperature by providing thermal insulation.

These structures work together to help the body maintain its core temperature within a narrow range, despite changes in the external environment or internal metabolic processes.