Question

Дайте экологический прогноз возможных последствий в экосистеме, если в ней произойдёт резкое сокращение численности редуцентов.

Answer 1

Ответ

4.7/5

23

Участник Знаний

Редуценты возвращают минеральные соли в почву и воду. при этом не оставляя после себя твердых непереваренных остатков (эксрементов), как животные-детриофаги. Редуценты это грибы и бактерии. Редуценты завершают биологический цикл, превращая остатки мертвых организмов в простые неорганические соединения (углекислый газ, вода, аммиак, соли). Эти вещества возвращются в оборот для использования другими организмами,без этого какие-то организмы голодали бы. Нaпример летом время в озeрах часть минерального фосфора, необходимого для роста планктонных водорослей, высвобождается в результате экскреции планктонных животных. Другой пример лес средних широт, в котором до 90% отмерших растений (а также листьев, веток, ...) сгнивает благодаря бактериям и грибам и возвращается в оборот. Без редуцентов лес просуществовал бы лет 20 и погиб бы за отсутствием новых веществ и превратился бы в кучу никогда не сгниваемого мусора.

Answer 2

Possible Consequences of a Sharp Reduction in the Population of Decomposers in an Ecosystem

A sharp reduction in the population of decomposers in an ecosystem can have significant ecological consequences. Decomposers play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients, which is essential for the functioning of ecosystems. Here are some possible consequences of a decline in the population of decomposers:

1. Accumulation of Organic Matter: Decomposers, such as bacteria, fungi, and detritivores, are responsible for breaking down dead organic material, including dead plants and animals. If their population decreases, the rate of decomposition will slow down, leading to the accumulation of organic matter in the ecosystem.

2. Nutrient Imbalance: Decomposers are responsible for releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem through the decomposition process. When their population declines, the recycling of nutrients becomes less efficient, leading to a potential nutrient imbalance in the ecosystem. This can affect the growth and survival of other organisms in the ecosystem.

3. Reduced Soil Fertility: Decomposers play a vital role in the formation of fertile soil. They break down organic matter and convert it into nutrients that can be absorbed by plants. A decline in the population of decomposers can result in reduced soil fertility, which can negatively impact plant growth and productivity.

4. Changes in Energy Flow: Decomposers are an essential part of the energy flow in ecosystems. They break down organic matter, releasing energy that is then transferred to other organisms through the food chain. A decrease in the population of decomposers can disrupt this energy flow, affecting the entire ecosystem.

5. Altered Community Structure: Changes in the population of decomposers can have cascading effects on the entire community structure of an ecosystem. Decomposers interact with other organisms, such as plants, herbivores, and predators, in complex ways. A decline in their population can disrupt these interactions, leading to changes in species composition and abundance.

It is important to note that the specific consequences of a reduction in the population of decomposers can vary depending on the ecosystem type, the severity of the decline, and other factors. However, in general, a decrease in the population of decomposers can have far-reaching effects on the overall functioning and stability of an ecosystem.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.