Question

Верны ли суждения об этических проблемах в науке а) этические проблемы в науке связаны с использованием открытий в военных целях . б) неоднозначтность научных открытий заставляет ученых задумываться об этической стороне науки. 1)верны оба суждения 2)оба суждения не верны 3) только б 4)только а

Answer 1

Только "б".............

Answer 2

Ethical Problems in Science

Ethical problems in science are a complex and multifaceted issue. Let's examine the two statements provided and determine their accuracy.

a) Ethical problems in science are related to the use of discoveries for military purposes. b) The ambiguity of scientific discoveries makes scientists reflect on the ethical aspects of science.

1) Both statements are true. 2) Both statements are false. 3) Only statement b) is true. 4) Only statement a) is true.

Ethical Problems in Science and Military Use of Discoveries

Statement a) claims that ethical problems in science are connected to the use of discoveries for military purposes. While it is true that the military application of scientific discoveries can raise ethical concerns, it is important to note that ethical problems in science extend beyond just military use. Ethical issues can arise in various areas of scientific research, such as human experimentation, animal testing, data manipulation, conflicts of interest, and the responsible use of emerging technologies.

To verify this claim, let's look at some search results:

- According to an article from the National Academy of Sciences, ethical issues in science encompass a wide range of concerns, including but not limited to military applications [[1]].

Based on this information, we can conclude that statement a) is partially true, as ethical problems in science are not solely limited to military use.

Ambiguity of Scientific Discoveries and Ethical Reflection

Statement b) suggests that the ambiguity of scientific discoveries prompts scientists to consider the ethical aspects of their work. This claim is supported by the fact that scientific research often involves complex and nuanced findings that can have far-reaching implications. Scientists are aware of the potential ethical dilemmas that may arise from their discoveries and are encouraged to reflect on the ethical implications of their work.

To verify this claim, let's refer to some search results:

- A study published in the journal Science and Engineering Ethics emphasizes the importance of ethical reflection in scientific research, particularly in fields with potentially controversial applications [[2]].

Based on this information, we can conclude that statement b) is true.

Conclusion

In summary, the correct answer is 3) Only statement b) is true. While statement a) is partially true, as ethical problems in science can be related to military use, it is not the sole focus of ethical concerns in science. On the other hand, statement b) accurately reflects the fact that the ambiguity of scientific discoveries prompts scientists to consider the ethical aspects of their work.