Question

Как работают фирмы при рыночных отношениях?​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Фирма – это организация, владеющая одним или несколькими предприятиями и использующая ресурсы для производства товара или услуги с целью получения прибыли.

Уместно поставить вопрос, какая причина заставляет индивидуальных предпринимателей объединяться в фирму? Ведь известно, что рынок обеспечивает свободу, а фирма ее ограничивает.

Дело в том, что для успешного функционирования на рынке предприниматель должен иметь о нем достоверную и обстоятельную информацию, которая требует больших издержек, называемых трансакционными  

Термин «трансакционные издержки» впервые применен лауреатом Нобелевской премии Р. Коузом в статье «Природа фирмы», которая положила начало новой институциональной теории. Эти издержки связаны не с производством как таковым, а с сопутствующими ему затратами: поиском информации о ценах, ведения переговоров, разработки системы стандартов и контроля над ней, содержания юридической системы, некорректного поведения партнеров и т. д.

Answer 2

How do companies operate in market relationships?

In market relationships, companies operate within a competitive environment where they interact with other businesses and consumers to exchange goods, services, and resources. The functioning of companies in market relationships can be described in the following key points:

1. Competition: In market relationships, companies face competition from other businesses offering similar products or services. This competition drives companies to improve their offerings, innovate, and provide better value to customers.

2. Supply and Demand: Companies operate based on the principles of supply and demand. They produce goods or services to meet the demand of consumers. If there is high demand for a product, companies may increase production to meet the market needs. Conversely, if demand decreases, companies may reduce production.

3. Pricing: Companies determine the prices of their products or services based on market conditions and competition. Pricing strategies can vary, including cost-based pricing, value-based pricing, or competitive pricing. Companies aim to find a balance between maximizing profits and attracting customers.

4. Marketing and Advertising: Companies engage in marketing and advertising activities to promote their products or services and attract customers. They use various channels such as print media, television, online platforms, and social media to reach their target audience and create brand awareness.

5. Customer Relationship Management: Companies focus on building and maintaining relationships with their customers. They strive to understand customer needs, provide excellent customer service, and address any issues or concerns promptly. Building strong customer relationships can lead to customer loyalty and repeat business.

6. Financial Management: Companies need to manage their finances effectively to ensure profitability and sustainability. This includes budgeting, financial planning, cash flow management, and investment decisions. Financial management helps companies allocate resources efficiently and make informed business decisions.

7. Legal and Regulatory Compliance: Companies must comply with applicable laws and regulations governing their industry. This includes areas such as labor laws, environmental regulations, consumer protection laws, and intellectual property rights. Compliance ensures that companies operate ethically and avoid legal issues.

8. Business Relationships: Companies often collaborate with other businesses in the form of partnerships, joint ventures, or supplier relationships. These relationships can help companies access new markets, share resources, and leverage each other's strengths.

In summary, companies operating in market relationships compete with other businesses, respond to supply and demand dynamics, determine pricing strategies, engage in marketing and advertising, focus on customer relationship management, manage finances, comply with legal and regulatory requirements, and establish business relationships with other entities. These factors collectively shape how companies operate in market relationships.